Wang Yifeng, Dong Quanbin, Hu Shixian, Zou Huayiyang, Wu Tingting, Shi Jing, Zhang Haifeng, Sheng Yanhui, Sun Wei, Kong Xiangqing, Chen Lianmin
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China.
Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School Nanjing Medical University Suzhou Jiangsu China.
Imeta. 2022 Mar 29;1(2):e14. doi: 10.1002/imt2.14. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Complex diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), kidney disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer have become a major burden to public health and affect more than 20% of the population worldwide. The etiology of complex diseases is not yet clear, but they are traditionally thought to be caused by genetics and environmental factors (e.g., dietary habits), and by their interactions. Besides this, increasing pieces of evidence now highlight that the intestinal microbiota may contribute substantially to the health and disease of the human host via their metabolic molecules. Therefore, decoding the microbial genomes has been an important strategy to shed light on their functional potential. In this review, we summarize the roles of the gut microbiome in complex diseases from its functional perspective. We further introduce artificial tools in decoding microbial genomes to profile their functionalities. Finally, state-of-the-art techniques have been highlighted which may contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the gut microbiome in human complex diseases and promote the development of the gut microbiome-based personalized medicine.
心血管疾病（CVD）、肥胖症、炎症性肠病（IBD）、肾脏疾病、2型糖尿病（T2D）和癌症等复杂疾病已成为公共卫生的重大负担，影响着全球超过20%的人口。复杂疾病的病因尚不清楚，但传统上认为它们是由遗传和环境因素（如饮食习惯）及其相互作用引起的。除此之外，越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群可能通过其代谢分子对人类宿主的健康和疾病产生重大影响。因此，解码微生物基因组一直是揭示其功能潜力的重要策略。在这篇综述中，我们从功能角度总结了肠道微生物群在复杂疾病中的作用。我们进一步介绍了解码微生物基因组以描述其功能的人工工具。最后，重点介绍了最新技术，这些技术可能有助于从机制上理解肠道微生物群在人类复杂疾病中的作用，并促进基于肠道微生物群的个性化医学的发展。
