Ye Mao, Zhang Zhongyun, Sun Mingming, Shi Yu
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.
Imeta. 2022 Jun 20;1(3):e34. doi: 10.1002/imt2.34. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and intracellular DNA (iDNA) extensively exist in both terrestrial and aquatic environment systems and have been found to play a significant role in the nutrient cycling and genetic information transmission between the environment and microorganisms. As inert DNA sequences, eDNA is able to present stability in the environment from the ribosome enzyme lysis, therein acting as the historical genetic information archive of the microbiome. As a consequence, both eDNA and iDNA can shed light on the functional gene variety and the corresponding microbial activity. In addition, eDNA is a ubiquitous composition of the cell membrane, which exerts a great impact on the resistance of outer stress from environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals, antibiotics, pesticides, and so on. This study focuses on the environmental dynamics and the ecological functions of the eDNA and iDNA from the perspectives of environmental behavior, genetic information transmission, resistance to the environmental contaminants, and so on. By reviewing the status quo and the future vista of the e/iDNAs research, this article sheds light on exploring the ecological functioning of the e/iDNAs in the environmental microbiome.
细胞外DNA（eDNA）和细胞内DNA（iDNA）广泛存在于陆地和水生环境系统中，并且已发现它们在环境与微生物之间的养分循环和遗传信息传递中发挥着重要作用。作为惰性DNA序列，eDNA能够在核糖体酶裂解作用下在环境中保持稳定，在其中充当微生物群落的历史遗传信息档案库。因此，eDNA和iDNA都能够揭示功能基因的多样性以及相应的微生物活性。此外，eDNA是细胞膜的一种普遍成分，它对来自环境污染物（如重金属、抗生素、农药等）的外部压力抗性具有重大影响。本研究从环境行为、遗传信息传递、对环境污染物的抗性等角度关注eDNA和iDNA的环境动态及生态功能。通过回顾e/iDNAs研究的现状和未来前景，本文为探索e/iDNAs在环境微生物群落中的生态功能提供了思路。
