Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh.
Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2024 Apr;126(4):676-693. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000501.
Despite numerous meta-analyses, the true extent to which life satisfaction reflects personality traits has remained unclear due to overreliance on a single method to assess both and insufficient attention to construct overlaps. Using data from three samples tested in different languages (Estonian, N = 20,886; Russian, N = 768; English, N = 600), we combined self- and informant-reports to estimate personality domains' and nuances' true correlations (r) with general life satisfaction (LS) and satisfactions with eight life domains (DSs), while controlling for single-method and occasion-specific biases and random error, and avoiding direct construct overlaps. The associations replicated well across samples. The Big Five domains and nuances allowed predicting LS with accuracies up to r ≈ .80-.90 in independent (sub)samples. Emotional stability, extraversion, and conscientiousness correlated r ≈ .30-.50 with LS, while its correlations with openness and agreeableness were small. At the nuances level, low LS was most strongly associated with feeling misunderstood, unexcited, indecisive, envious, bored, used, unable, and unrewarded (r ≈ .40-.70). Supporting LS's construct validity, DSs had similar personality correlates among themselves and with LS, and an aggregated DS correlated r ≈ .90 with LS. LS's approximately 10-year stability was r = .70 and its longitudinal associations with personality traits mirrored cross-sectional ones. We conclude that without common measurement limitations, most people's life satisfaction is highly consistent with their personality traits, even across many years. So, satisfaction is usually shaped by these same relatively stable factors that shape personality traits more broadly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
尽管进行了大量的荟萃分析，但由于过于依赖单一方法来评估两者，并且对结构重叠的关注度不足，生活满意度在多大程度上反映了人格特质仍不清楚。使用三种不同语言（爱沙尼亚语，N = 20,886；俄语，N = 768；英语，N = 600）测试的样本数据，我们结合自我报告和知情者报告来估计人格领域和细微差别与一般生活满意度（LS）和八个生活领域满意度（DS）的真实相关性（r），同时控制单一方法和特定场合的偏差和随机误差，并避免直接的结构重叠。这些关联在样本间得到了很好的复制。大五人格领域和细微差别可以在独立（子）样本中以高达 r ≈.80-.90 的精度预测 LS。情绪稳定性、外向性和尽责性与 LS 的相关性 r ≈.30-.50，而与开放性和宜人性的相关性较小。在细微差别水平上，低 LS 与感到被误解、不兴奋、犹豫不决、嫉妒、无聊、被利用、无能和不被奖励（r ≈.40-.70）的相关性最强。支持 LS 的结构有效性，DS 之间以及与 LS 之间具有相似的人格相关性，而聚合的 DS 与 LS 的相关性 r ≈.90。LS 的约 10 年稳定性为 r =.70，其与人格特质的纵向关联反映了横断面的关联。我们的结论是，在没有共同测量限制的情况下，大多数人的生活满意度与其人格特质高度一致，甚至跨越了许多年。因此，满意度通常是由这些同样相对稳定的因素塑造的，这些因素更广泛地塑造了人格特质。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2024 APA，保留所有权利）。
