Abdollahi Diba Mitra, Sari Sarraf Vahid, Amirsasan Ramin, Dabbagh Nikoukheslat Saeid
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2024 Jun 13;13:e51599. doi: 10.2196/51599.
High-calorie-expenditure training is common among endurance athletes and is an effective strategy for weight loss. Although many training protocols include walking, running, cycling, and swimming according to a target heart rate, there is limited research on high-calorie-expenditure interventions with multimodal training programs using quantitative methods.
The aims of this research protocol are to (1) develop a high-calorie-expenditure training program to cover target calorie expenditure according to the trainability of women classified as overweight (according to a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m); (2) determine the effect of high-calorie-expenditure workouts on conditioning, glycemic variables, and body composition; and (3) evaluate the implementation of the intervention and results in comparison with outcomes obtained under a standard-calorie-expenditure training program.
This is a randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design. Participants include 33 women with a BMI in the overweight range (25-29.9) allocated to three groups: two intervention groups and one control group. The intervention will be conducted for 12 weeks. Participants in the first group will be assigned an exercise program with high energy expenditure of approximately 3000-3500 kilocalories/week in the form of 5 sessions per week with an intensity of 50%-75% maximum oxygen rate (VO max) and 60%-80% target heart rate. The second group will be assigned an exercise program with a standard energy expenditure of approximately 1200-1500 kilocalories/week with 3 sessions per week at an intensity of 60%-75% VO max, according to The American College of Sports Medicine guideline. The effects of the multimodal training program with daily tasks will be compared to those of the standard-calorie-expenditure and control (no exercise) conditions with respect to changes in glycemic indices and body composition. Daily calories will be calculated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and using Nutrition 4 software.
Preliminary results show significant weight loss in both the high- and standard-calorie-expenditure groups (P=.003). Significant improvements were also found in muscle percentage (P=.05) and BMI (P=.05) for the high-calorie-expenditure group. Analyses are ongoing for glycemic indices, inflammation factors, and blood parameters.
High-calorie-expenditure training can cause further weight loss than standard exercise, which can eventually lead to greater fat mass reduction and improvement in glycemic indices. These results demonstrate that, in some cases, it may be necessary to increase the activity of women and use multimodal exercise programs with increased volume and intensity to increase the expenditure of exercise and daily activity. We found a net effect of exercise and daily activity at the individual level, whereas the daily lifestyle and physical behaviors of the participants remained constant.
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20220202053916N1; https://tinyurl.com/c8jxfw36.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/51599.
高卡路里消耗训练在耐力运动员中很常见，是一种有效的减肥策略。尽管许多训练方案包括根据目标心率进行步行、跑步、骑自行车和游泳，但使用定量方法对多模式训练计划的高卡路里消耗干预的研究有限。
本研究方案的目的是：（1）制定一个高卡路里消耗训练计划，根据超重女性（根据体重指数为25-29.9kg/m²）的可训练性来覆盖目标卡路里消耗；（2）确定高卡路里消耗锻炼对身体状况、血糖变量和身体成分的影响；（3）与标准卡路里消耗训练计划下获得的结果相比，评估干预措施的实施情况和结果。
这是一项采用前测-后测设计的随机对照试验。参与者包括33名体重指数处于超重范围（25-29.9）的女性，分为三组：两个干预组和一个对照组。干预将持续12周。第一组参与者将被分配一个每周能量消耗约3000-3500千卡的运动计划，形式为每周5次训练，强度为最大摄氧量（VO₂max）的50%-75%和目标心率的60%-80%。根据美国运动医学学会的指南，第二组将被分配一个每周标准能量消耗约1200-1500千卡的运动计划，每周3次训练，强度为VO₂max的60%-75%。将多模式训练计划与日常任务的效果与标准卡路里消耗和对照（不运动）条件下的效果进行比较，观察血糖指数和身体成分的变化。每日卡路里将通过国际体力活动问卷并使用Nutrition 4软件进行计算。
初步结果显示，高卡路里消耗组和标准卡路里消耗组均有显著的体重减轻（P=0.003）。高卡路里消耗组的肌肉百分比（P=0.05）和体重指数（P=0.05）也有显著改善。正在对血糖指数、炎症因子和血液参数进行分析。
高卡路里消耗训练比标准运动能导致进一步的体重减轻，最终可导致更大程度的脂肪量减少和血糖指数改善。这些结果表明，在某些情况下，可能有必要增加女性的活动量，并使用增加量和强度的多模式运动计划来增加运动和日常活动的消耗。我们在个体层面发现了运动和日常活动的净效应，而参与者的日常生活方式和身体行为保持不变。
伊朗临床试验注册中心IRCT20220202053916N1；https://tinyurl.com/c8jxfw36。
国际注册报告识别码（IRRID）：DERR1-10.2196/51599。
