Muñoz-Cofré Rodrigo, Del Sol Mariano, Lizana Pablo A, Gómez-Bruton Alejandro, Fuentes Andaur María José, Fierro Erika Soto, Gonzalez Gabriela Osorio, Medina-González Paul, Valenzuela-Aedo Fernando, Escobar-Cabello Máximo
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Morfologicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Morphological Sciences, Instituto de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.
Front Physiol. 2024 May 30;15:1395855. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1395855. eCollection 2024.
There is evidence that indicates that the Walked Distance (WD) in the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) would be sensitive to the type of track and encouragement. The aim of study was compared the impact of track type and verbal encouragement provided in the 6MWT on WD, physiological cost, perceived exertion, and gait efficiency in healthy young adults unfamiliar with the test. WD, heart rate, subjective sensation of dyspnea (SSD), and fatigue (SSF) were measured in four 6MWT protocols: i) 30 m linear track and protocolized encouragement (LT + PE), ii) 30 m linear track and constant encouragement (LT + CE), iii) 81 m elliptical track and protocolized encouragement (ET + PE), and iv) 81 m elliptical track and constant encouragement (ET + CE). In addition, the Gait Efficiency Index (GIE) associated with physiological cost, dyspnea and fatigue was calculated and compared between the different protocols. The WD was significantly higher in the ET + CE protocol. The percentage of the heart rate reserve used (%HRRu) at minute 6 was higher in the ET + CE protocol. The SSD and SSD had difference in startup time between the protocols. The GEI was higher in %HRRu, SSD, and SSF for the ET + CE protocol. The ET + CE protocol showed a significant increase in WD during the 6MWT in healthy young adults. Although it obtained the highest physiological cost, it did not present perceptual differences when entering cardiopulmonary assessment windows relevant to a more efficient test for the participant. It is advisable to discuss, based on the findings, the fundamental objective of the 6MWT and national and international recommendations to achieve a result as close as possible to the real maximal effort.
有证据表明，6分钟步行试验（6MWT）中的步行距离（WD）对步道类型和鼓励方式敏感。本研究的目的是比较6MWT中步道类型和言语鼓励对不熟悉该试验的健康年轻成年人的WD、生理成本、主观用力感觉和步态效率的影响。在四种6MWT方案中测量WD、心率、主观呼吸困难感觉（SSD）和疲劳（SSF）：i）30米直线步道和标准化鼓励（LT+PE），ii）30米直线步道和持续鼓励（LT+CE），iii）81米椭圆步道和标准化鼓励（ET+PE），以及iv）81米椭圆步道和持续鼓励（ET+CE）。此外，计算并比较了不同方案之间与生理成本、呼吸困难和疲劳相关的步态效率指数（GIE）。ET+CE方案中的WD显著更高。ET+CE方案在第6分钟时使用的心率储备百分比（%HRRu）更高。各方案之间的SSD和SSD在启动时间上存在差异。ET+CE方案在%HRRu、SSD和SSF方面的GEI更高。ET+CE方案在健康年轻成年人的6MWT期间WD显著增加。尽管它获得了最高的生理成本，但在进入与参与者更有效的测试相关的心肺评估窗口时，没有表现出感知差异。根据研究结果，建议讨论6MWT的基本目标以及国家和国际建议，以尽可能接近真实的最大努力来取得结果。
