Tawiah Kassim, Asosega Killian Asampana, Iddi Samuel, Opoku Alex Akwasi, Abdul Iddrisu Wahab, Ansah Richard Kwame, Bukari Francis Kwame, Okyere Eric, Adebanji Atinuke Olusola
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Health Serv Insights. 2024 Jun 11;17:11786329241258836. doi: 10.1177/11786329241258836. eCollection 2024.
Ghana's quest to reduce neonatal mortality, in hospital facilities and communities, continues to be a nightmare. The pursuit of achieving healthy lives and well-being for neonates as enshrined in Sustainable Development Goal three lingered in challenging hospital facilities and communities. Notwithstanding that, there have been increasing efforts in that direction. This study examines the contributing factors that hinder the fight against neonatal mortality in all hospital facilities in the Sunyani and Sunyani West Municipal Assemblies in Bono Region, Ghana.
The study utilized neonatal mortality data consisting of neonatal deaths, structural facility related variables, medical human resources, types of hospital facilities and natal care. The data was collected longitudinally from 2014 to 2019. These variables were analysed using the negative binomial hurdle regression (NBH) model to determine factors that contribute to this menace at the facility level. Cause-specific deaths were obtained to determine the leading causes of neonatal deaths within health facilities in the two municipal assemblies.
The study established that the leading causes of neonatal mortality in these districts are birth asphyxia (46%), premature birth (33%), neonatal sepsis (11%) and neonatal jaundice (7%). The NBH showed that neonatal mortality in hospital facilities depend on the number of incubators, monitoring equipment, hand washing facilities, CPAP machines, radiant warmers, physiotherapy machines, midwives, paediatric doctors and paediatric nurses in the hospital facility.
Early management of neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia, premature birth and neonatal infections is required to reduce neonatal deaths. The government and all stakeholders in the health sector should provide all hospital facilities with the essential equipment and the medical human resources necessary to eradicate the menace. This will make the realization of Sustainable Development Goal three, which calls for healthy lives and well-being for all, a reality.
在加纳，无论是在医院设施还是社区，降低新生儿死亡率的努力仍是一场噩梦。实现可持续发展目标3中所规定的新生儿健康生活和福祉的追求，在充满挑战的医院设施和社区中举步维艰。尽管如此，在这方面的努力一直在增加。本研究调查了加纳博诺地区苏尼亚尼和苏尼亚尼西区所有医院设施中阻碍新生儿死亡率防治工作的影响因素。
该研究利用了包括新生儿死亡、与设施结构相关的变量、医疗人力资源、医院设施类型和分娩护理在内的新生儿死亡率数据。这些数据是在2014年至2019年期间纵向收集的。使用负二项障碍回归（NBH）模型对这些变量进行分析，以确定在设施层面导致这一威胁的因素。获得了特定原因的死亡数据，以确定这两个市政议会卫生设施内新生儿死亡的主要原因。
该研究确定，这些地区新生儿死亡的主要原因是出生窒息（46%）、早产（33%）、新生儿败血症（11%）和新生儿黄疸（7%）。NBH模型显示，医院设施中的新生儿死亡率取决于医院设施中保温箱、监测设备、洗手设施、持续气道正压通气（CPAP）机、辐射保暖器、理疗机、助产士、儿科医生和儿科护士的数量。
需要对新生儿败血症、出生窒息、早产和新生儿感染进行早期管理，以降低新生儿死亡率。政府和卫生部门的所有利益相关者应向所有医院设施提供消除这一威胁所需的基本设备和医疗人力资源。这将使要求人人享有健康生活和福祉的可持续发展目标3成为现实。
