Wang Qian, Tripodi Nicholas, Valiukas Zachary, Bell Simon M, Majid Arshad, de Courten Barbora, Apostolopoulos Vasso, Feehan Jack
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University Melbourne Australia.
Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield University Sheffield UK.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Mar 12;12(6):3819-3833. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4077. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have grown exponentially over the last 30 years. Together with its associated complications, the mortality rates have increased. One important complication in those living with T2DM is the acceleration of age-related cognitive decline. T2DM-induced cognitive impairment seriously affects memory, executive function, and quality of life. However, there is a lack of effective treatment for both diabetes and cognitive decline. Thus, finding novel treatments which are cheap, effective in both diabetes and cognitive impairment, are easily accessible, are needed to reduce impact on patients with diabetes and health-care systems. Carnosine, a histidine containing dipeptide, plays a protective role in cognitive diseases due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-glycation properties, all of which may slow the development of neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic injury. Furthermore, carnosine is also involved in regulating glucose and insulin in diabetes. Herein, we discuss the neuroprotective role of carnosine and its mechanisms in T2DM-induced cognitive impairment, which may provide a theoretical basis and evidence base to evaluate whether carnosine has therapeutic effects in alleviating cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients.
在过去30年里，2型糖尿病（T2DM）相关的发病率和死亡率呈指数级增长。连同其相关并发症一起，死亡率也有所上升。T2DM患者的一个重要并发症是与年龄相关的认知衰退加速。T2DM诱发的认知障碍严重影响记忆、执行功能和生活质量。然而，目前对于糖尿病和认知衰退都缺乏有效的治疗方法。因此，需要找到廉价、对糖尿病和认知障碍均有效且易于获得的新型治疗方法，以减轻对糖尿病患者和医疗保健系统的影响。肌肽是一种含组氨酸的二肽，因其抗氧化、抗炎和抗糖基化特性，在认知疾病中发挥保护作用，所有这些特性都可能减缓神经退行性疾病和缺血性损伤的发展。此外，肌肽还参与调节糖尿病中的血糖和胰岛素。在此，我们讨论肌肽在T2DM诱发的认知障碍中的神经保护作用及其机制，这可能为评估肌肽是否具有缓解T2DM患者认知功能障碍的治疗效果提供理论基础和证据基础。
