Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 12;85(3):23m15086. doi: 10.4088/JCP.23m15086.
Few national estimates are available on the prevalence of tobacco use disorder (TUD) in the United States (US), and most trials exclusively assess daily smoking rather than TUD. We examined the prevalence and trends in cigarette smoking with vs without TUD among adults. Data came from the 2010-2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (n = 483,982), a cross sectional, US representative dataset. A TUD composite variable was created based on established definitions (eg, symptoms). Weighted prevalence of past 30-day cigarette smoking, daily smoking (30/30 days) and nondaily smoking (<30/30 days) with and without TUD, was calculated annually. In 2021, the prevalence of past 30- day overall cigarette smoking was 17%; 11% reported daily cigarette smoking, whereas 6% reported nondaily cigarette smoking. Only 1% of the population reported daily smoking without TUD, whereas 10% reported daily smoking with TUD. Two percent of the population reported nondaily smoking without TUD, and 4% of the population reported nondaily smoking with TUD. Daily smoking with TUD and nondaily smoking with and without TUD decreased significantly from 2010 to 2021 (all 's < .001). US adults reporting TUD symptoms (vs not) were more likely to be older, identify as White, have lower income and less education, and have a substance use disorder. The prevalence of daily cigarette smoking with TUD was 10× higher than the prevalence of daily cigarette smoking without TUD. Twice as many US adults with nondaily smoking reported TUD than no TUD, illustrating that daily smoking is not necessary for TUD.
美国（US）关于烟草使用障碍（TUD）的流行率的全国估计数据很少，并且大多数试验专门评估每日吸烟，而不是 TUD。我们研究了成年人中 TUD 存在与否与吸烟的流行率和趋势。数据来自 2010-2021 年全国药物使用和健康调查（n = 483982），这是一个横截面、具有美国代表性的数据集。根据既定定义（例如，症状）创建了 TUD 综合变量。每年计算 TUD 存在与否时过去 30 天吸烟、每日吸烟（30/30 天）和非每日吸烟（<30/30 天）的加权流行率。2021 年，过去 30 天总体吸烟的流行率为 17%；11%报告每日吸烟，而 6%报告非每日吸烟。只有 1%的人口报告无 TUD 的每日吸烟，而 10%的人口报告有 TUD 的每日吸烟。2%的人口报告无 TUD 的非每日吸烟，而 4%的人口报告有 TUD 的非每日吸烟。TUD 存在与否的每日吸烟、有和无 TUD 的非每日吸烟均从 2010 年到 2021 年显著下降（所有's <.001）。报告 TUD 症状（而非没有）的美国成年人更可能年龄较大、为白人、收入较低、教育程度较低，且有物质使用障碍。有 TUD 的每日吸烟的流行率比无 TUD 的每日吸烟的流行率高 10 倍。有非每日吸烟的报告 TUD 的成年人是没有 TUD 的两倍，这表明 TUD 不一定需要每日吸烟。
