Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Ann Nucl Med. 2024 Aug;38(8):639-646. doi: 10.1007/s12149-024-01952-2. Epub 2024 Jun 14.
To explore the implementation of low-iodine diets by medical staff caring for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma prior to I therapy across 58 hospitals, and offer valuable insights for the development of guidelines on low-iodine diets.
Convenience sampling was utilized to conduct a survey among 163 medical staff members working in nuclear medicine departments across 58 tertiary hospitals using a self-designed questionnaire.
Concerning the duration of the low-iodine diet prior to treatment, the medical staff's recommendations were as follows: 58.28% suggested 2-4 weeks, 31.29% recommended more than 4 weeks, 9.2% opted for 7-13 days, and 1.23% favored less than 1 week. Regarding the timing of resuming a normal diet, the respondents' recommendations ranged from immediately after treatment (1.84%) to 3 months post-treatment (8.58%), with intermediate recommendations of 2 h (8.58%), 24-48 h (14.11%), post-discharge (12.26%), and 1 month (42.94%). Furthermore, the surveyed medical staff unanimously recommended abstaining from seafood, with 90.8% also advising against the consumption of iodized salt, 91.41% recommending avoidance of iodine-containing medications, and 71.17% advising caution with moderately high-iodine foods. Notably, 75.46% of the medical staff evaluated patient compliance with the low-iodine diet. When patients failed to adhere to the diet preparation, 33.74% of healthcare workers chose to proceed with treatment. In terms of guidance sources, 96.93% of respondents relied on relevant guidelines, 66.26% referred to the literature, and 49.69% drew upon their clinical experience. During hospitalization, 58.28% of the medical staff continued to guide patients on the low-iodine diet, while only 8.59% provided such guidance after discharge. Notably, only 20.25% of the staff considered consulting the nutrition department.
This study underscored substantial variations in the duration and selection criteria for low-iodine diets, which were linked to a scarcity of standardized evaluations. Consequently, there is an urgent need for further research to establish detailed, practical, accessible, comprehensive, and dependable implementation programs for low-iodine diets.
调查 58 家医院核医学科医护人员在 13 碘治疗前为分化型甲状腺癌患者实施低碘饮食的执行情况，为低碘饮食指南的制定提供参考依据。
采用便利抽样法，对 58 家三级医院核医学科 163 名医护人员进行问卷调查。
低碘饮食时间建议：2～4 周 58.28%，>4 周 31.29%，7～13 天 9.2%，<1 周 1.23%；正常饮食时间建议：治疗后立即 1.84%，治疗后 3 个月 8.58%，2 h 8.58%，24～48 h 14.11%，出院后 12.26%，1 个月 42.94%。调查医护人员建议均忌用海鲜，忌用碘盐 90.8%，忌用含碘药物 91.41%，忌用中碘食物 71.17%。75.46%的医护人员评价患者对低碘饮食的依从性，当患者不遵守低碘饮食准备时，33.74%的医护人员选择进行治疗。指导依据：96.93%的医护人员参考相关指南，66.26%参考文献，49.69%参考临床经验。住院期间，58.28%的医护人员继续指导低碘饮食，出院后指导 8.59%，仅 20.25%的医护人员考虑咨询营养科。
医护人员对低碘饮食的时间及选择标准差异较大，且缺乏规范的评价，需要进一步研究制定详细、实用、可及、全面、可靠的低碘饮食实施方案。
