Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
Coastal Service Center, Hangzhou, China.
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2024 Jun 14;10:e56906. doi: 10.2196/56906.
BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a significant population of patients infected with HIV. In recent years, several efforts have been made to promote HIV testing among MSM in China. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess HIV testing coverage and factors associated with first-time HIV testing among MSM to provide a scientific basis for achieving the goal of diagnosing 95% of patients infected with HIV by 2030. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2023 and December 2023. MSM were recruited from the "Sunshine Test," an internet platform that uses location-based services to offer free HIV testing services to MSM by visiting the WeChat official account in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants were required to complete a questionnaire on their demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, substance use, and HIV testing history. A logistic regression model was used to analyze first-time HIV testing and its associated factors. RESULTS: A total of 7629 MSM participated in the study, with 87.1% (6647) having undergone HIV testing before and 12.9% (982) undergoing HIV testing for the first time. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that first-time HIV testing was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.55, 95% CI 1.91-3.42), lower education (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88), student status (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.75), low income (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.16-2.08), insertive anal sex role (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.56), bisexuality (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.40-2.03), fewer sex partners (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.13-1.83), use of rush poppers (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.70-2.49), unknown HIV status of sex partners (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.17-1.69), lack of awareness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88), and offline HIV testing uptake (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.80-2.41). CONCLUSIONS: A notable 12.9% (982/7629) of MSM had never undergone HIV testing before this large internet survey. We recommend enhancing HIV intervention and testing through internet-based platforms and gay apps to promote testing among MSM and achieve the target of diagnosing 95% of patients infected with HIV by 2030.
背景：男男性行为者（MSM）是感染 HIV 的重要人群。近年来，中国已采取多项措施促进 MSM 进行 HIV 检测。
目的：本研究旨在评估 MSM 首次 HIV 检测的覆盖率及相关因素，为实现 2030 年诊断 95%HIV 感染者的目标提供科学依据。
方法：本横断面研究于 2023 年 7 月至 12 月期间开展，研究对象为“阳光检测”平台上的 MSM。“阳光检测”是一个利用基于位置的服务向 MSM 提供免费 HIV 检测服务的互联网平台，通过访问中国浙江省的微信公众号，MSM 可以参加检测。参与者需要完成一份关于人口统计学特征、性行为、物质使用和 HIV 检测史的问卷。采用 logistic 回归模型分析首次 HIV 检测及其相关因素。
结果：共有 7629 名 MSM 参加了这项研究，其中 87.1%（6647 人）有过 HIV 检测史，12.9%（982 人）为首次检测。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示，首次 HIV 检测与年龄较小（调整后比值比 [aOR] 2.55，95%CI 1.91-3.42）、受教育程度较低（aOR 1.39，95%CI 1.03-1.88）、学生身份（aOR 1.35，95%CI 1.04-1.75）、低收入（aOR 1.55，95%CI 1.16-2.08）、插入性肛交角色（aOR 1.28，95%CI 1.05-1.56）、双性恋（aOR 1.69，95%CI 1.40-2.03）、性伴侣较少（aOR 1.44，95%CI 1.13-1.83）、使用催情剂（aOR 2.06，95%CI 1.70-2.49）、性伴侣 HIV 感染状况未知（aOR 1.40，95%CI 1.17-1.69）、缺乏 HIV 暴露前预防意识（aOR 1.39，95%CI 1.03-1.88）和线下 HIV 检测（aOR 2.08，95%CI 1.80-2.41）有关。
结论：在本次大规模网络调查中，有 12.9%（982/7629）的 MSM 之前从未进行过 HIV 检测。我们建议通过互联网平台和同性恋应用程序加强 HIV 干预和检测，以促进 MSM 的检测，并实现到 2030 年诊断 95%HIV 感染者的目标。
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