Li Xinliang, Wang Yanlei, Lu Junfeng, Li Pei, Huang Zhaodong, Liang Guojin, He Hongyan, Zhi Chunyi
School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Sci Adv. 2024 Jun 14;10(24):eadl0587. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0587.
Despite their potential as conversion-type energy storage technologies, the performance of static lithium-bromide (SLB) batteries has remained stagnant for decades. Progress has been hindered by the intrinsic liquid-liquid redox mode and single-electron transfer of these batteries. Here, we developed a high-performance SLB battery based on the active bromine salt cathode and the two-electron transfer chemistry with a Br/Br redox couple by electrolyte tailoring. The introduction of NO improved the reversible single-electron transition of Br, and more impressively, the coordinated Cl anions activated the Br conversion to provide an additional electron transfer. A voltage plateau was observed at 3.8 V, and the discharge capacity and energy density were increased by 142 and 159% compared to the one-electron reaction benchmark. This two-step conversion mechanism exhibited excellent stability, with the battery functioning for 1000 cycles. These performances already approach the state of the art of currently established Li-halogen batteries. We consider the established two-electron redox mechanism highly exemplary for diversified halogen batteries.
尽管静态溴化锂（SLB）电池作为转换型储能技术具有潜力，但其性能在数十年间一直停滞不前。这些电池的本征液-液氧化还原模式和单电子转移阻碍了其发展。在此，我们通过电解质剪裁，基于活性溴盐阴极和具有Br/Br氧化还原对的双电子转移化学，开发了一种高性能的SLB电池。NO的引入改善了Br的可逆单电子跃迁，更令人印象深刻的是，配位的Cl阴离子激活了Br的转化，以提供额外的电子转移。在3.8 V处观察到一个电压平台，与单电子反应基准相比，放电容量和能量密度分别提高了142%和159%。这种两步转换机制表现出优异的稳定性，电池可运行1000个循环。这些性能已接近目前已确立的锂-卤素电池的技术水平。我们认为所确立的双电子氧化还原机制对多种卤素电池具有高度的示范意义。
