Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
Instituto Pasteur, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2024 Sep;257:107286. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107286. Epub 2024 Jun 13.
Forest regeneration is becoming a powerful tool to combat land conversion which covers 30 % of the Neotropical territory. However, little is known about the effect of forest regeneration on vector-borne diseases. Here, we describe the haemosporidian lineage composition across a successional gradient within an Atlantic Forest bird community. We test whether forest successional stages, in addition to host life history traits affect haemosporidian infection probability. We sampled birds at 16 sampling units with different successional stages between 2017 and 2018 within a forest remnant located in Antonina, Paraná, Brazil. We captured bird individuals using mist-nets, identified them to the species level, and collected blood samples to detect and identify Plasmodium and Haemoproteus lineages based on molecular analysis. We used a Bayesian phylogenetic linear model with a Bernoulli distribution to test whether the haemosporidian infection probability is affected by nest type, foraging stratum, and forest successional stage. We captured 322 bird individuals belonging to 52 species and 21 families. We found 31 parasite lineages and an overall haemosporidian prevalence of 23.9 %, with most infections being caused by Plasmodium (21.7 % of prevalence). The Plasmodium probability of infection was associated with forest successional stage and bird foraging stratum. Birds from the secondary forest in an intermediate stage of succession are more likely to be infected by the parasites than birds from the primary forests (β = 1.21, 95 % CI = 0.11 - 2.43), birds from upper strata exhibit a lower probability of infection than birds from lower foraging strata (β = -1.81, 95 % CI = -3.80 - -0.08). Nest type did not affect the Plasmodium probability of infection. Our results highlight the relevance of forest succession on haemosporidian infection dynamics, which is particularly relevant in a world where natural regeneration is the main tool used in forest restoration.
森林再生正成为对抗覆盖新热带地区 30%土地的土地转换的有力工具。然而，对于森林再生对媒介传播疾病的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了在巴西帕拉纳州安东尼纳的一个森林遗迹内的大西洋森林鸟类群落中，随着演替梯度的变化，血孢子虫谱系组成的变化。我们检验了森林演替阶段以及宿主生活史特征是否会影响血孢子虫的感染概率。我们于 2017 年至 2018 年在 16 个不同演替阶段的采样单元中，在巴西帕拉纳州安东尼纳的一个森林遗迹内，使用网捕法捕获鸟类个体，鉴定到种的水平，并收集血液样本，通过分子分析检测和鉴定疟原虫和血孢子虫的谱系。我们使用贝叶斯系统发育线性模型和伯努利分布来检验血孢子虫感染概率是否受到巢型、觅食层和森林演替阶段的影响。我们捕获了 322 只属于 52 个物种和 21 个科的鸟类个体，发现了 31 种寄生虫谱系，总血孢子虫流行率为 23.9%，其中大多数感染是由疟原虫（流行率 21.7%）引起的。疟原虫感染的概率与森林演替阶段和鸟类觅食层有关。处于演替中期的次生林的鸟类比原生林的鸟类更有可能感染寄生虫（β=1.21，95%CI=0.11-2.43），处于较高觅食层的鸟类比处于较低觅食层的鸟类感染的可能性更小（β=-1.81，95%CI=-3.80-0.08）。巢型不影响疟原虫的感染概率。我们的研究结果强调了森林演替对血孢子虫感染动态的重要性，这在世界范围内自然再生是森林恢复的主要工具的情况下尤为重要。
