Saliternik Z
Trop Geogr Med. 1979 Jun;31(2):175-84.
A review of the epidemiological status of urinary schistosomiasis and intestinal schistosomiasis in Israel is made. The ecology, bionomy and geographical distribution of the snail vectors were studied and research on their vectorial capacity to the imported Schistosoma strains was undertaken. Biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail vector of S. mansomi, was eradicated through ecological factors (salinity and pollution by sewage) and human activities. The elimination of snail vectors by applications of chemicals succeeded when the entire infested foci were isolated. The factors responsible for the reappearance of snail vectors after those chemical applications are described. Examples are given of successfully combined measures used for the control of snail vectors; increase of water currents to over 20 cm/sec, rapid emptying and drying up of water reservoirs, weekly deflection of infested water courses in different directions, etc. In 1951, 19 schoolchildren became infected with S. mansoni and in 1955, 97 schoolchildren became infected with S. haematobium. Since 1955 no more new infections with Schistosomiasis have been reported in Israel.
本文对以色列泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病和肠道血吸虫病的流行病学状况进行了综述。研究了钉螺传播媒介的生态、生物学特性和地理分布，并对其传播引进的血吸虫菌株的能力进行了研究。曼氏血吸虫的钉螺传播媒介亚历山大双脐螺因生态因素（盐度和污水污染）及人类活动而被根除。当整个受感染疫点被隔离时，通过化学药剂的应用成功消灭了钉螺传播媒介。描述了这些化学药剂应用后钉螺传播媒介再次出现的相关因素。列举了成功用于控制钉螺传播媒介的综合措施实例，如将水流速度提高到每秒20厘米以上、水库快速排空和干涸、每周将受感染的水道向不同方向改道等。1951年，19名学童感染曼氏血吸虫，1955年，97名学童感染埃及血吸虫。自1955年以来，以色列未再报告新的血吸虫病感染病例。
