女子赛艇运动员的饮食失调症状与体重压力：自我概念、心理健康与身体成分之间的关联
Eating disorder symptoms and weight pressure in female rowers: associations between self-concept, psychological well-being and body composition.
作者信息
Larrinaga Beñat, Borrajo Erika, Muñoz-Perez Iker, Urquijo Itziar, Garcia-Rodríguez Ana, Arbillaga-Etxarri Ane
机构信息
Deusto Healh-PASS, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
Deusto Sport and Society, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
出版信息
J Eat Disord. 2024 Jun 14;12(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-01033-9.
BACKGROUND
Female rowers may be at risk of eating disorders and high weight pressure.
AIM
The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of disordered eating symptoms and weight-related pressure and the associations with self-concept, psychological well-being, socio-demographic data, experience, performance level and body composition in female fixed-bench rowers.
METHODS
Female rowers (n = 208; age ranged mean ± SD 23.6 ± 6.5 years) completed the SCOFF scale, Weight-Pressures in Sport-Females (WPS-F), Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire and the Ryff scales of psychological well-being and provided information on their experience and level of competition. In a subgroup of 115 athletes, body composition was assessed using bioimpedance.
RESULTS
It was found that 42.3% of the athletes scored ≥ 2 on SCOFF and mean ± SD value of WPS-F score was 3.65 ± 0.82. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that self-concept of strength and pressure from teammates and the uniform were associated with higher ED symptoms, whereas better psychological well-being in terms of autonomy, self-concept of attractiveness, and age were protective factors for ED symptoms. BMI, athletes' physical condition, strength, and experience were associated with more weight-related pressure and better self-concept of attractiveness and physical well-being of autonomy were significantly associated with less pressure. In body composition analysis, higher extra cellular water, self-acceptance, and physical condition were associated with more weight-related pressure in female rowers, being attractiveness and the environmental mastery protective elements.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of ED symptomatology and weight-related pressure are high in female fixed bench rowing. The psychological factors of well-being and self-concept, team environment, body image concerns and body composition analysis should be considered to promote healthy eating behaviours in female rowers.
背景
女子赛艇运动员可能存在饮食失调和体重压力过大的风险。
目的
本研究旨在调查女子固定座位赛艇运动员中饮食失调症状和体重相关压力的患病率，以及与自我概念、心理健康、社会人口统计学数据、经验、运动水平和身体成分的关联。
方法
女子赛艇运动员（n = 208；年龄范围为平均±标准差23.6±6.5岁）完成了SCOFF量表、《女性运动中的体重压力》（WPS-F）、身体自我概念问卷和Ryff心理健康量表，并提供了她们的经验和比赛水平信息。在115名运动员的亚组中，使用生物电阻抗评估身体成分。
结果
发现42.3%的运动员在SCOFF量表上得分≥2，WPS-F得分的平均±标准差为3.65±0.82。逐步回归分析显示，力量自我概念、来自队友和队服的压力与更高的饮食失调症状相关，而在自主性方面更好的心理健康、吸引力自我概念和年龄是饮食失调症状的保护因素。体重指数、运动员的身体状况、力量和经验与更多的体重相关压力相关，更好的吸引力自我概念和自主性身体健康与更少的压力显著相关。在身体成分分析中，较高的细胞外液、自我接受和身体状况与女子赛艇运动员更多的体重相关压力相关，吸引力和环境掌控是保护因素。
结论
女子固定座位赛艇运动中饮食失调症状和体重相关压力的患病率很高。应考虑心理健康和自我概念、团队环境、身体形象关注和身体成分分析等心理因素，以促进女子赛艇运动员的健康饮食行为。
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