Skullerud K
Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1985;102:1-94.
The various factors which determine brain weight and volume of the lateral ventricles were studied in an autopsy material of 467 cases. The material consisted of 64 men and 17 women between 45-54 years and 196 men and 190 women between 70-79 years. The weights of the cerebral hemispheres and of the cerebellum and brainstem were determined separately. The volume of the lateral ventricles was determined by weighing the hemispheres with and without water in the lateral ventricles. The recorded variables were age, sex, body length, body weight, cerebral atherosclerosis, Alzheimer changes and alcoholism. Cerebral atherosclerosis and Alzheimer changes were quantitated by morphometric methods. The results were analysed by conventional and multivariate statistical methods. The following observations were made: In normal brains there was a significant correlation between the weight of the supra- and infratentorial parts. Similarly, there was a significant correlation between the size of the lateral ventricles and the weight of the cerebral hemispheres. Women had smaller brains than men even when the difference in body length was taken into account. The difference was approximately 110-115 g for the whole brain after correction for other variables. Women had also smaller lateral ventricles than men, but this difference was in proportion to the smaller size of their hemispheres. There was a physiologic decline in brain weight and a widening of the lateral ventricles with increasing age. This shrinkage probably started after the age of 55. There was a clear correlation between body length and brain weight. The estimated increase in brain weight was approximately 3 g per cm body length. There was a decreasing brain weight and an increasing ventricular size with a decreasing body mass index. This shows that emaciation leads to a decrease in brain size. Severe Alzheimer changes caused a statistically significant enlargement of the lateral ventricles both in men and women. There was a general trend for brain weight reduction in cases with severe Alzheimer changes but the decrease was statistically significant only in old women, and it could not be entirely excluded that the weight reduction in part was due to a concurrent emaciation rather than to the Alzheimer changes per se. In the majority of the cases, the Alzheimer changes were mild and had probably progressed slowly with age. A few cases had very severe changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在467例尸检材料中研究了决定脑重量和侧脑室容积的各种因素。该材料包括45至54岁的64名男性和17名女性，以及70至79岁的196名男性和190名女性。分别测定大脑半球、小脑和脑干的重量。通过称量侧脑室内有水和无水时的大脑半球来测定侧脑室的容积。记录的变量包括年龄、性别、身长、体重、脑动脉粥样硬化、阿尔茨海默病改变和酗酒情况。脑动脉粥样硬化和阿尔茨海默病改变通过形态计量学方法进行量化。结果采用传统和多变量统计方法进行分析。得出以下观察结果：在正常大脑中，幕上和幕下部分的重量之间存在显著相关性。同样，侧脑室大小与大脑半球重量之间也存在显著相关性。即使考虑到身长差异，女性的脑重量也比男性小。校正其他变量后，全脑的差异约为110 - 115克。女性的侧脑室也比男性小，但这种差异与她们较小的半球大小成比例。随着年龄增长脑重量出现生理性下降，侧脑室增宽。这种萎缩可能在55岁以后开始。身长与脑重量之间存在明显相关性。估计脑重量每增加1厘米身长约增加3克。随着体重指数降低，脑重量减少，脑室大小增加。这表明消瘦会导致脑体积减小。严重的阿尔茨海默病改变在男性和女性中均导致侧脑室在统计学上显著增大。在有严重阿尔茨海默病改变的病例中，脑重量普遍有减轻趋势，但仅在老年女性中减轻具有统计学意义，并且不能完全排除部分体重减轻是由于同时存在的消瘦而非阿尔茨海默病改变本身。在大多数病例中，阿尔茨海默病改变较轻，可能随年龄缓慢进展。少数病例有非常严重的改变。（摘要截选至400字）
