Zhu Zhi-Jian, Teng Man, Liu Yu, Chen Fu-Jia, Yao Yongxiu, Li En-Zhong, Luo Jun
College of Biological and Food Engineering & Affiliated Central Hospital, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, People's Republic of China.
Institute for Animal Health & UK-China Center of Excellence for Research on Avian Disease, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Jun 15;9(1):109. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00905-0.
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly pathogenic and oncogenic alpha herpesvirus that causes Marek's disease (MD), which is one of the most important immunosuppressive and rapid-onset neoplastic diseases in poultry. The onset of MD lymphomas and other clinical diseases can be efficiently prevented by vaccination; these vaccines are heralded as the first demonstration of a successful vaccination strategy against a cancer. However, the persistent evolution of epidemic MDV strains towards greater virulence has recently resulted in frequent outbreaks of MD in vaccinated chicken flocks worldwide. Herein, we provide an overall review focusing on the discovery and identification of the strategies by which MDV evades host immunity and attacks the immune system. We have also highlighted the decrease in the immune efficacy of current MD vaccines. The prospects, strategies and new techniques for the development of efficient MD vaccines, together with the possibilities of antiviral therapy in MD, are also discussed.
马立克氏病病毒（MDV）是一种高致病性和致癌性的α疱疹病毒，可引发马立克氏病（MD），这是家禽中最重要的免疫抑制和快速发病的肿瘤性疾病之一。通过接种疫苗可以有效预防MD淋巴瘤和其他临床疾病的发生；这些疫苗被誉为针对癌症的成功疫苗接种策略的首个例证。然而，流行的MDV毒株不断向更高毒力进化，最近导致全球接种疫苗的鸡群中MD频繁爆发。在此，我们提供了一篇全面综述，重点关注MDV逃避宿主免疫并攻击免疫系统的策略的发现与鉴定。我们还强调了当前MD疫苗免疫效力的下降。此外，还讨论了高效MD疫苗研发的前景、策略和新技术，以及MD抗病毒治疗的可能性。
