Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600105, Tamil Nadu, India.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2024 Aug;151:109704. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109704. Epub 2024 Jun 14.
White feces syndrome (WFS) is a multifactorial disease that affects global shrimp production. The diagnostic approach to identify WFS involves traditional and molecular scientific methods by examining histopathology, bioassays, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and calorimetric estimation. The pathogenesis of WFS is closely associated with Vibrio spp., intestinal microbiota (IM) dysbiosis, and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP). It also has caused over 10-15 % loss in the aquaculture industry and is also known to cause retardation, lethargy and slowly leading to high mortality in shrimp farms. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms processed under the association of IM dysbiosis, Vibrio spp., and EHP to analyze the impact of disease on the innate immune system of shrimp. However, only very few reviews have described the molecular pathways involved in WFS. Hence, this review aims to elucidate an in-depth analysis of molecular pathways involved in the innate immune system of shrimp and their response to pathogens. The analysis and understanding of the impact of shrimp's innate immune system on WFS would help in developing treatments to prevent the spread of disease, thereby improving the economic condition of shrimp farms worldwide.
白色粪便综合征（WFS）是一种多因素疾病，影响全球虾类生产。识别 WFS 的诊断方法包括通过检查组织病理学、生物测定、PCR（聚合酶链反应）和量热估计来使用传统和分子科学方法。WFS 的发病机制与弧菌属、肠道微生物群（IM）失调和对虾肝肠胞虫（EHP）密切相关。它还导致水产养殖业损失超过 10-15%，并且已知会导致虾场迟缓、昏睡和死亡率逐渐升高。因此，有必要了解在 IM 失调、弧菌属和 EHP 相关联的情况下处理的分子机制，以分析疾病对虾固有免疫系统的影响。然而，只有极少数综述描述了与 WFS 相关的分子途径。因此，本综述旨在深入分析虾固有免疫系统涉及的分子途径及其对病原体的反应。分析和理解虾固有免疫系统对 WFS 的影响将有助于开发治疗方法以防止疾病传播，从而改善全球虾场的经济状况。
