Serum IGFBP5 as a predictor of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious condition with high mortality rates. Early risk stratification is of significant importance to assess the prognosis. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) levels in AMI patients and its potential as a prognosis biomarker were unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate serum IGFBP5 levels in AMI and its prognostic value for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

METHODS

We collected serum IGFBP5 levels from 200 patients with new-onset AMI and 71 coronary heart disease (CAD) patients without AMI. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between IGFBP5 and baseline variables. AMI patients were followed up, and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve, multivariate Cox models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up of 217 days, 40 patients developed MACE. Serum IGFBP5 was associated with serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.013 and P = 0.013). In multivariable survival analyses, higher IGFBP5 was associated with an increased risk of MACE [HR = 1.183, 95%CI (1.104, 1.268), P < 0.001)]. There was a positive and linear association between IGFBP5 levels and the occurrence of MACE (P for nonlinearity = 0.283). The positive association between IGFBP5 and MACE risk consist across subgroups characterized by demographics and comorbidities.

CONCLUSION

Serum IGFBP5 was highly expressed in patients with AMI and positively associated with the short-term risk of MACE. Circulating IGFBP5 may be a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for AMI, and further studies with larger sample and longer follow-up are warranted.