Ingbar D H, Gee J B
Annu Rev Med. 1985;36:369-95. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.002101.
The sleep apnea syndromes have attracted the interest of physicians and scientists in many different disciplines because the disorders involve the physiology of sleep, the control of respiration, the function of the upper airway, and the clinical sequelae upon cardiac, pulmonary, and psychological function. Over the eight years since this subject was last reviewed here (1), the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea has become better understood. A variety of new treatments are now available. However, our clinical knowledge of the syndrome and its natural history have changed little. The high prevalence of these syndromes and related disorders such as snoring is only beginning to be apparent. This chapter reviews current understanding of these syndromes, with particular emphasis on recent advances, and highlights questions for future investigation. First, we consider normal upper airway function and the control of breathing during sleep. Then, we apply this information to a consideration of the pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment of sleep apnea syndromes.
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征吸引了许多不同学科的医生和科学家的关注，因为这些疾病涉及睡眠生理学、呼吸控制、上气道功能以及对心脏、肺部和心理功能的临床后遗症。自上一次在此对该主题进行综述（1）以来的八年里，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的病理生理学已得到更好的理解。现在有多种新的治疗方法。然而，我们对该综合征及其自然史的临床认识变化不大。这些综合征以及诸如打鼾等相关疾病的高患病率才刚刚开始显现出来。本章回顾了对这些综合征的当前认识，特别强调了最近的进展，并突出了未来研究的问题。首先，我们考虑正常的上气道功能以及睡眠期间的呼吸控制。然后，我们将这些信息应用于对睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的病理生理学、临床特征和治疗的思考。
