Zhang Chao-Qi, Zhang Xu-Dong, Wang Yan, Liu Yi-Han, Zhang Cun-Li, Zhang Qiang
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Edible Plant Enzyme R&D and Monitoring, Shaanxi Wuding Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hanzhong, 724400, China.
NPJ Sci Food. 2024 Jun 18;8(1):33. doi: 10.1038/s41538-024-00277-8.
Fermenting Chinese medicinal herbs could enhance their bioactivities. We hypothesized probiotic-fermented gastrodia elata Blume (GE) with better potential to alleviate insomnia than that of unfermented, thus the changes in chemical composition and the insomnia-alleviating effects and mechanisms of fermented GE on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced insomnia zebrafish were explored via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectroscopy-coupled HPLC (HPLC-MS), phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metabolomics analysis. The results demonstrated that probiotic fermented GE performed better than unfermented GE in increasing the content of chemical composition, reducing the displacement, average speed, and number of apoptotic cells in zebrafish with insomnia. Metabolomic investigation showed that the anti-insomnia effect was related to regulating the pathways of actin cytoskeleton and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions. Transcriptomic and reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed that secondary fermentation liquid (SFL) significantly modulated the expression levels of neurod1, msh2, msh3, recql4, ercc5, rad5lc, and rev3l, which are mainly involved in neuron differentiation and DNA repair. Collectively, as a functional food, fermented GE possessed potential for insomnia alleviation.
发酵中药可以增强其生物活性。我们假设益生菌发酵天麻（GE）比未发酵的天麻具有更好的缓解失眠的潜力，因此通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）和质谱联用HPLC（HPLC-MS）、表型、转录组学和代谢组学分析，探讨了发酵GE对戊四氮（PTZ）诱导的失眠斑马鱼的化学成分变化、失眠缓解作用及机制。结果表明，益生菌发酵GE在增加化学成分含量、减少失眠斑马鱼的位移、平均速度和凋亡细胞数量方面比未发酵GE表现更好。代谢组学研究表明，抗失眠作用与调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架和神经活性配体-受体相互作用的途径有关。转录组学和逆转录qPCR（RT-qPCR）分析显示，二次发酵液（SFL）显著调节了主要参与神经元分化和DNA修复的neurod1、msh2、msh3、recql4、ercc5、rad5lc和rev3l的表达水平。总体而言，作为一种功能性食品，发酵GE具有缓解失眠的潜力。
