Valdés-Dapena M
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 Jun;5(6 Suppl):113B-117B. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80539-8.
Research performed during the past two decades suggests that crib deaths are biphasic phenomena: the infant victims are preconditioned in subtle ways before birth so that some of their most critical physiologic functions are subtly deficient. Then, at 2 to 4 months of age, when confronted by some challenge, such as a head cold, they are unable to overcome or adapt to the stress and die, seemingly without cause. It is likely that these deaths represent a heterogeneous group of pathogenetic phenomena rather than a single entity. Spontaneous idiopathic pathologic apnea, for example, may be responsible for 5 to 7% of crib deaths. Infant botulism may account for another 5%. A recent report on a prospective study of more than 5,000 babies showed that all 3 infants who ultimately succumbed to crib death had had abnormally prolonged corrected QT intervals on day 4 of life; the report contends that that irregularity leads to ventricular fibrillation, which is then the immediate cause of death. Although this work has not been confirmed and some take issue with the method, it now seems the most valid available body of data on the subject and suggests that some crib deaths, probably less than 10%, may be sudden cardiac deaths.
过去二十年进行的研究表明,婴儿猝死是一种双相现象:婴儿受害者在出生前就以微妙的方式受到影响,以至于他们一些最关键的生理功能存在微妙的缺陷。然后,在2至4个月大时,当面临诸如感冒之类的某些挑战时,他们无法克服或适应压力而死亡,看似毫无缘由。这些死亡很可能代表了一组异质性的致病现象,而非单一实体。例如,自发性特发性病理性呼吸暂停可能导致5%至7%的婴儿猝死。婴儿肉毒杆菌中毒可能占另外5%。最近一份关于对5000多名婴儿进行的前瞻性研究报告显示,最终死于婴儿猝死的所有3名婴儿在出生后第4天的校正QT间期都异常延长;该报告认为,这种不规则现象会导致心室颤动,进而成为直接死因。尽管这项研究尚未得到证实,一些人对该方法提出质疑,但它现在似乎是关于这一主题最有效的现有数据,并表明一些婴儿猝死(可能不到10%)可能是心源性猝死。