Liu Luxin, Wang Zilin, Wei Bin, Wang Leilei, Zhang Qianqian, Si Xuemeng, Huang Yanqun, Zhang Huaiyong, Chen Wen
Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 23;14(11):1536. doi: 10.3390/ani14111536.
Replacing corn with different levels of wheat in the iso-energy and -protein diet of broilers and the impacts on growth performance and intestinal homeostasis of broilers under the condition of supplying the multienzyme complex were evaluated in this study. A total of 480 10-day-old male broilers were assigned randomly to the low-level wheat group (15% wheat and 35.18% corn), the medium-level wheat group (30% and 22.27%), and the high-level wheat group (55.77% wheat without corn) until 21 d. The different levels of wheat supplementation did not affect hepatic function, serum glycolipid profile, or bone turnover. The replacement of corn with 55% wheat in the diet of broilers increased the body weight at 21 d and feed intake during 10 to 21 d (both < 0.05), with a comparable feed conversion ratio. Compared with the low-wheat group, the dietary addition of medium or high wheat levels notably increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum ( < 0.05) and the ileal villus height ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, the supplementation of medium and high wheat in the diet increased the proportion of Bacteroidetes, and a diet with high wheat proportion elevated the content of Firmicutes when compared to the low-level wheat group (both < 0.05). In addition, the diet containing 30-55% wheat enhanced the anti-inflammatory capability in both the ileum and the serum. These findings suggest that the replacement of corn with 55% wheat in the diet improved the growth performance of 21-day-old broilers, which might be linked to the alteration in intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota.
本研究评估了在等能量和等蛋白的肉鸡日粮中用不同水平的小麦替代玉米，并在添加复合酶的条件下对肉鸡生长性能和肠道稳态的影响。总共480只10日龄雄性肉鸡被随机分配到低水平小麦组（15%小麦和35.18%玉米）、中水平小麦组（30%小麦和22.27%玉米）和高水平小麦组（55.77%小麦无玉米），饲养至21日龄。不同水平的小麦添加量对肝功能、血清糖脂谱或骨转换没有影响。在肉鸡日粮中用55%的小麦替代玉米可提高21日龄时的体重和10至21日龄期间的采食量（均P<0.05），饲料转化率相当。与低小麦组相比，日粮中添加中等或高水平小麦显著增加了十二指肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值（P<0.05）和回肠绒毛高度（P<0.05）。同时，日粮中添加中等和高水平小麦增加了拟杆菌门的比例，与低水平小麦组相比，高比例小麦日粮提高了厚壁菌门的含量（均P<0.05）。此外，含有30 - 55%小麦的日粮增强了回肠和血清中的抗炎能力。这些研究结果表明，日粮中用55%的小麦替代玉米可改善21日龄肉鸡的生长性能，这可能与肠道形态和盲肠微生物群的改变有关。
