Sorice Carmela, Ianni Andrea, Bennato Francesca, Bellocci Mirella, Pavone Valentina, Grotta Lisa, Chaves López Clemencia, Martino Giuseppe
Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 31;14(11):1642. doi: 10.3390/ani14111642.
Zinc is essential for animals, playing a vital role in enzyme systems and various biochemical reactions. It is crucial to ensure a sufficient intake of zinc through the diet to maintain efficient homeostasis. Only few studies on zinc effect in cow lactating diet evaluated the effects on milk and cheese quality, with conflicting findings. 24 cows of the Friesian breed were divided into two groups (CTR: control and TRT: treated group). Cows were selected for age, body weight, parity and phase of lactations (mid lactation, 140-160 days). CTR diet contained 38 mg/kg of Zn and TRT diet was supplied with 120 mg/kg of complete feed for 60 days. The objective of current investigation was to evaluate the impact of a dietary Zinc Oxide (ZnO) integration of lactating Friesian cows on chemical composition, zinc content, fatty acid and proteic profile, ammine content, pH, a, texture, and sensory profile of cheese and to improve the chemical-nutritional quality of milk and cheese. The results showed that ZnO supplementation reduced mesophilic aerobic bacteria and Presumptive spp. growth, proteolysis, biogenic amines content, lipid oxidation, odour intensity and sour and increased hardness, gumminess, chewiness, elasticity of cheese. Biogenic amines are considered an important aspect of food safety. ZnO integration in cow diet could represent a promising strategy for improving the quality, the safety and shelf-life of caciotta cheese.
锌对动物至关重要,在酶系统和各种生化反应中发挥着关键作用。通过饮食确保充足的锌摄入量对于维持有效的体内平衡至关重要。关于锌对奶牛泌乳日粮影响的研究很少评估对牛奶和奶酪品质的影响,且结果相互矛盾。24头弗里生品种奶牛被分为两组(CTR:对照组和TRT:处理组)。根据年龄、体重、胎次和泌乳阶段(泌乳中期,140 - 160天)选择奶牛。对照组日粮含锌量为38毫克/千克,处理组日粮每千克全价饲料添加120毫克锌,持续60天。当前研究的目的是评估在泌乳弗里生奶牛日粮中添加氧化锌(ZnO)对奶酪的化学成分、锌含量、脂肪酸和蛋白质谱、胺含量、pH值、色泽、质地和感官特征的影响,并改善牛奶和奶酪的化学营养品质。结果表明,添加氧化锌可减少嗜温需氧菌和假单胞菌属的生长、蛋白水解、生物胺含量、脂质氧化、气味强度以及酸味,并增加奶酪的硬度、黏性、咀嚼性和弹性。生物胺被认为是食品安全的一个重要方面。在奶牛日粮中添加氧化锌可能是提高卡乔塔奶酪品质、安全性和保质期的一种有前景的策略。