School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Institute of Precision Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 23;25(11):5688. doi: 10.3390/ijms25115688.
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children worldwide. It can lead to severe gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and neurological complications. The innate immune system, which rapidly detects pathogens via pathogen-associated molecular patterns or pathogen-encoded effectors, serves as the first defensive line against EV-A71 infection. Concurrently, the virus has developed various sophisticated strategies to evade host antiviral responses and establish productive infection. Thus, the virus-host interactions and conflicts, as well as the ability to govern biological events at this first line of defense, contribute significantly to the pathogenesis and outcomes of EV-A71 infection. In this review, we update recent progress on host innate immune responses to EV-A71 infection. In addition, we discuss the underlying strategies employed by EV-A71 to escape host innate immune responses. A better understanding of the interplay between EV-A71 and host innate immunity may unravel potential antiviral targets, as well as strategies that can improve patient outcomes.
肠道病毒 A71（EV-A71）是一种主要病原体，可导致全球儿童手足口病（HFMD）。它可导致严重的胃肠道、肺部和神经系统并发症。先天免疫系统通过病原体相关分子模式或病原体编码的效应子快速检测病原体，是抵御 EV-A71 感染的第一道防线。同时，病毒已经发展出各种复杂的策略来逃避宿主抗病毒反应并建立有效的感染。因此，病毒-宿主相互作用和冲突，以及在这第一道防线中控制生物事件的能力，对 EV-A71 感染的发病机制和结果有重要影响。在这篇综述中，我们更新了宿主对 EV-A71 感染的先天免疫反应的最新进展。此外，我们还讨论了 EV-A71 逃避宿主先天免疫反应的潜在策略。更好地了解 EV-A71 与宿主先天免疫之间的相互作用可能会揭示潜在的抗病毒靶点，以及改善患者预后的策略。
