Federal State Funded Institution of Science "The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens-National Scientific Center of the RAS", Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia.
A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 5;25(11):6241. doi: 10.3390/ijms25116241.
WRKYs are a multigenic family of transcription factors that are plant-specific and involved in the regulation of plant development and various stress response processes. However, the evolution of genes is not fully understood. This family has also been incompletely studied in grapevine, and genes have been named with different numbers in different studies, leading to great confusion. In this work, 62 genes were identified based on six genomes of different cultivars. All genes were numbered according to their chromosomal location, and a complete revision of the numbering was performed. Amino acid variability between different cultivars was assessed for the first time and was greater than 5% for some WRKYs. According to the gene structure, all could be divided into two groups: more exons/long length and fewer exons/short length. For the first time, some chimeric genes were found in grapevine, which may play a specific role in the regulation of different processes: VvWRKY17 (an N-terminal signal peptide region followed by a non-cytoplasmic domain) and VvWRKY61 (Frigida-like domain). Five phylogenetic clades A-E were revealed and correlated with the WRKY groups (I, II, III). The evolution of was studied, and we proposed a evolution model where there were two dynamic phases of complexity and simplification in the evolution of .
WRKYs 是一类植物特异性的转录因子多基因家族，参与植物发育和各种胁迫响应过程的调控。然而，基因的进化尚未完全阐明。该家族在葡萄中也未被完全研究，不同研究中给 基因赋予了不同的编号，这导致了很大的混乱。在这项工作中，基于 6 个不同品种的基因组，鉴定出了 62 个 基因。所有基因都根据其染色体位置进行编号，并对编号进行了完整的修订。首次评估了不同品种之间的氨基酸变异性，对于某些 WRKYs，变异性大于 5%。根据基因结构，所有 基因可以分为两组：外显子较多/长度较长和外显子较少/长度较短。葡萄中首次发现了一些嵌合 基因，它们可能在调节不同过程中发挥特定作用：VvWRKY17（带有非细胞质结构域的 N 端信号肽区域）和 VvWRKY61（Frigida 样结构域）。揭示了五个系统发育分支 A-E，并与 WRKY 组（I、II、III）相关。研究了 基因的进化，我们提出了一个 基因进化模型，其中 在进化过程中存在复杂性和简化的两个动态阶段。
