School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China.
Nutrients. 2024 May 27;16(11):1643. doi: 10.3390/nu16111643.
Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes (T2D), poses an unprecedented challenge to global public health. Hydration status also plays a fundamental role in human health, especially in people with T2D, which is often overlooked. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal associations between hydration status and the risk of T2D among the Chinese population. This study used data from the large community-based Kailuan cohort, which included adults who attended physical examinations from 2006 to 2007 and were followed until 2020. A total of 71,526 participants who eventually met the standards were divided into five hydration-status groups based on their levels of urine specific gravity (USG). Multivariable and time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the associations of baseline and time-dependent hydration status with T2D incidence. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis was used to examine the dose-response relationship between hydration status and the risk of T2D. Over a median 12.22-year follow-up time, 11,804 of the participants developed T2D. Compared with the optimal hydration-status group, participants with dehydration and severe dehydration had a significantly increased risk of diabetes, with adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of 1.30 (1.04-1.63) and 1.38 (1.10-1.74). Time-dependent analyses further confirmed the adverse effects of impending dehydration, dehydration, and severe dehydration on T2D incidence by 16%, 26%, and 33% compared with the reference group. Inadequate hydration is significantly associated with increased risks of T2D among Chinese adults. Our findings provided new epidemiological evidence and highlighted the potential role of adequate hydration status in the early prevention of T2D development.
糖尿病，尤其是 2 型糖尿病（T2D），对全球公共卫生构成了前所未有的挑战。水合状态对人类健康也起着根本性的作用，特别是在 T2D 患者中，这一点往往被忽视。本研究旨在探讨中国人群中水合状态与 T2D 风险之间的纵向关联。本研究使用了来自大型社区为基础的开滦队列的数据，该队列包括 2006 年至 2007 年参加体检并随访至 2020 年的成年人。共有 71526 名最终符合标准的参与者根据尿比重（USG）水平分为五个水合状态组。多变量和时间依赖性 Cox 比例风险模型用于评估基线和时间依赖性水合状态与 T2D 发生率的关联。限制性三次样条（RCS）分析用于评估水合状态与 T2D 风险之间的剂量-反应关系。在中位数为 12.22 年的随访期间，11804 名参与者发生了 T2D。与最佳水合状态组相比，脱水和严重脱水组发生糖尿病的风险显著增加，调整后的危险比（95%CI）分别为 1.30（1.04-1.63）和 1.38（1.10-1.74）。时间依赖性分析进一步证实，与参考组相比，即将发生的脱水、脱水和严重脱水分别使 T2D 发生率增加了 16%、26%和 33%。水合不足与中国成年人 T2D 风险增加显著相关。我们的研究结果提供了新的流行病学证据，并强调了适当的水合状态在 T2D 早期预防中的潜在作用。
