Alotaibi Alhanouf, Alsardi Farah, Alshwikhat Fatimah, Aldossary Madawey, Almarwani Fudhyah S, Talidi Faizah J, Almenhali Shouq A, Almotawa Sarah F, Alzahrani Yahya A, Alenzi Sultan, Alanazi Anwar, Alkahtani Masfer
Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 3144, Saudi Arabia.
Future Energy Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2024 May 29;29(11):2556. doi: 10.3390/molecules29112556.
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising candidates for enhancing both the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Their rising prominence is attributed to their dual capabilities: they effectively passivate the surfaces of perovskite-sensitive materials while simultaneously serving as efficient spectrum converters for sunlight. In this work, we synthesized UCNPs doped with erbium ions as down/upconverting ions for ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) light harvesting. Various percentages of the synthesized UCNPs were integrated into the mesoporous layers of PSCs. The best photovoltaic performance was achieved by a PSC device with 30% UCNPs doped in the mesoporous layer, with PCE = 16.22% and a fill factor (FF) of 74%. In addition, the champion PSCs doped with 30% UCNPs were then passivated with carbon quantum dots at different spin coating speeds to improve their photovoltaic performance. When compared to the pristine PSCs, a fabricated PSC device with 30% UCNPs passivated with CQDs at a spin coating speed of 3000 rpm showed improved power conversion efficiency (PCE), from 16.65% to 18.15%; a higher photocurrent, from 20.44 mA/cm to 22.25 mA/cm; and a superior fill factor (FF) of 76%. Furthermore, the PSCs integrated with UCNPs and CQDs showed better stability than the pristine devices. These findings clear the way for the development of effective PSCs for use in renewable energy applications.
上转换纳米颗粒（UCNPs）和碳量子点（CQDs）已成为提高钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）稳定性和效率的有前途的候选材料。它们日益突出的地位归因于其双重能力：它们有效地钝化了对钙钛矿敏感材料的表面，同时作为太阳光的高效光谱转换器。在这项工作中，我们合成了掺杂铒离子的UCNPs，作为用于紫外（UV）和近红外（NIR）光捕获的下转换/上转换离子。将不同百分比的合成UCNPs整合到PSC的介孔层中。在介孔层中掺杂30%UCNPs的PSC器件实现了最佳光伏性能，其功率转换效率（PCE）为16.22%，填充因子（FF）为74%。此外，然后用碳量子点以不同的旋涂速度对掺杂30%UCNPs的冠军PSC进行钝化，以提高其光伏性能。与原始PSC相比，在3000转/分钟的旋涂速度下用CQDs钝化30%UCNPs的制造PSC器件显示出功率转换效率（PCE）从16.65%提高到18.15%；光电流从20.44 mA/cm提高到22.25 mA/cm；填充因子（FF）提高到76%。此外，集成了UCNPs和CQDs的PSC比原始器件表现出更好的稳定性。这些发现为开发用于可再生能源应用的高效PSC扫清了道路。
