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成人最常见脑膜炎和脑炎的神经影像学：一项叙述性综述

Neuroimaging of the Most Common Meningitis and Encephalitis of Adults: A Narrative Review.

作者信息

Perillo Teresa, Capasso Raffaella, Pinto Antonio

机构信息

Department of Radiology, CTO Hospital, AORN dei Colli, 80141 Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 May 21;14(11):1064. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14111064.

DOI:10.3390/diagnostics14111064
PMID:38893591
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11171665/
Abstract

Meningitis is the infection of the meninges, which are connective tissue membranes covering the brain, and it most commonly affects the leptomeninges. Clinically, meningitis may present with fever, neck stiffness, altered mental status, headache, vomiting, and neurological deficits. Encephalitis is an infection of the brain, which usually presents with fever, altered mental status, neurological deficits, and seizure. Meningitis and encephalitis are serious conditions which could also coexist, with high morbidity and mortality, thus requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. Imaging plays an important role in the clinical management of these conditions, especially Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It is indicated to exclude mimics and evaluate the presence of complications. The aim of this review is to depict imaging findings of the most common meningitis and encephalitis.

摘要

脑膜炎是脑膜的感染，脑膜是覆盖大脑的结缔组织膜，最常累及软脑膜。临床上，脑膜炎可能表现为发热、颈部僵硬、精神状态改变、头痛、呕吐和神经功能缺损。脑炎是大脑的感染，通常表现为发热、精神状态改变、神经功能缺损和癫痫发作。脑膜炎和脑炎是严重的疾病，也可能同时存在，具有高发病率和死亡率，因此需要及时诊断和治疗。影像学在这些疾病的临床管理中起着重要作用，尤其是磁共振成像。它有助于排除类似疾病并评估并发症的存在。本综述的目的是描述最常见的脑膜炎和脑炎的影像学表现。

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