Akpo Emma, Colin Camille, Perrin Aurélie, Cambedouzou Julien, Cornu David
IEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Jun 6;17(11):2774. doi: 10.3390/ma17112774.
Already used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agrochemical industries, encapsulation is a strategy used to protect active ingredients from external degradation factors and to control their release kinetics. Various encapsulation techniques have been studied, both to optimise the level of protection with respect to the nature of the aggressor and to favour a release mechanism between diffusion of the active compounds and degradation of the barrier material. Biopolymers are of particular interest as wall materials because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. By forming a stable hydrogel around the drug, they provide a 'smart' barrier whose behaviour can change in response to environmental conditions. After a comprehensive description of the concept of encapsulation and the main technologies used to achieve encapsulation, including micro- and nano-gels, the mechanisms of controlled release of active compounds are presented. A panorama of natural polymers as wall materials is then presented, highlighting the main results associated with each polymer and attempting to identify the most cost-effective and suitable methods in terms of the encapsulated drug.
包封技术已应用于食品、制药、化妆品和农用化学品行业，是一种用于保护活性成分免受外部降解因素影响并控制其释放动力学的策略。人们已经研究了各种包封技术，以根据侵害因素的性质优化保护水平，并促进活性化合物扩散和屏障材料降解之间的释放机制。生物聚合物作为壁材特别受关注，因为它们具有生物相容性、生物可降解性和无毒性。通过在药物周围形成稳定的水凝胶，它们提供了一种“智能”屏障，其行为可根据环境条件而改变。在全面描述包封概念和用于实现包封的主要技术（包括微凝胶和纳米凝胶）之后，介绍了活性化合物的控释机制。接着展示了作为壁材的天然聚合物全景，突出了与每种聚合物相关的主要成果，并试图根据被包封药物确定最具成本效益和最合适的方法。
