Uygun Gursan G, Darici Didem, Cil Melis G, Bastug Zeynep, Misirli Cemile H
Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR.
Department of Interventional Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR.
Cureus. 2024 May 19;16(5):e60579. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60579. eCollection 2024 May.
Moyamoya angiopathy is a rare cerebrovascular condition characterized by insufficient cerebral blood flow resulting from arterial vessel narrowing or occlusion, potentially leading to cerebral ischemia due to inadequate oxygen and nutrient supply to the brain tissue. The development of collateral vessels in stenotic regions, inherently fragile and prone to rupture, may further precipitate intracerebral hemorrhage. Alongside focal neurological symptoms, the common clinical presentations of Moyamoya angiopathy encompass headaches, dizziness, cognitive impairments, seizures, and involuntary movements. When associated with an underlying systemic illness, including Down Syndrome, cranial radiation, neurofibromatosis type 1, or meningitis, the condition is termed Moyamoya syndrome; whereas when idiopathic and a genetic mutation are identified, it is referred to as Moyamoya disease. In this report, we present a case of the rare Moyamoya syndrome, which was attributed to syphilis and HIV infection and was identified during an investigation into the etiology of ischemic stroke in a young patient.
烟雾病是一种罕见的脑血管疾病，其特征是动脉血管狭窄或闭塞导致脑血流量不足，由于脑组织的氧气和营养供应不足，可能导致脑缺血。狭窄区域侧支血管的形成，本身就脆弱且容易破裂，可能进一步引发脑出血。除了局灶性神经症状外，烟雾病的常见临床表现还包括头痛、头晕、认知障碍、癫痫发作和不自主运动。当与潜在的全身性疾病相关时，包括唐氏综合征、头部放疗、1型神经纤维瘤病或脑膜炎，这种情况被称为烟雾综合征；而当病因不明且发现基因突变时，则称为烟雾病。在本报告中，我们介绍了一例罕见的烟雾综合征病例，该病例归因于梅毒和HIV感染，是在对一名年轻患者缺血性中风的病因进行调查时发现的。
