State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wusan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Plant Cell Physiol. 2024 Nov 13;65(10):1544-1551. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcae066.
Brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1)-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1) and Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) are two highly similar master transcription factors of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway that regulates a variety of plant growth and development processes as well as stress responses. Previous genetic and biochemical analyses have established a complex regulatory network to control the two transcription factors. This network includes coordination with other transcription factors and interactors, multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) and differential subcellular localizations. In this review, we systematically detail the functions and regulatory mechanisms of various PTMs: phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, ubiquitination/deubiquitination, SUMOylation/deSUMOylation and oxidation/reduction, in regulating the subcellular localization, protein stability and the transcriptional activity of BES1/BZR1. We also discuss the current knowledge about the BES1/BZR1 interactors mediating the dynamic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of BES1 and BZR1.
油菜素内酯不敏感 1（BRI1）-EMS 抑制物 1（BES1）和油菜素内酯抗性 1（BZR1）是油菜素内酯（BR）信号通路的两个高度相似的主转录因子，它们调节多种植物生长发育过程以及应激反应。先前的遗传和生化分析已经建立了一个复杂的调控网络来控制这两个转录因子。该网络包括与其他转录因子和相互作用物的协调，以及多种翻译后修饰（PTMs）和不同的亚细胞定位。在这篇综述中，我们系统地详细介绍了各种 PTMs（磷酸化/去磷酸化、泛素化/去泛素化、SUMO 化/去 SUMO 化和氧化/还原）在调节 BES1/BZR1 的亚细胞定位、蛋白质稳定性和转录活性方面的功能和调控机制。我们还讨论了关于介导 BES1 和 BZR1 动态核质穿梭的 BES1/BZR1 相互作用物的现有知识。
