College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China.
College of Arts College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350100, Fujian Province, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176316. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176316. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
Constructing bird habitat networks (BHNs) is crucial for maintaining the health and service equilibrium of urban ecosystems, especially in large metropolitan areas where the pressure of urbanization is intense. However, most existing BHNs fail to account for the dynamic changes and unique requirements of local species, leading to homogenized construction outcomes and ecological corridor objectives. This study employs a comprehensive approach to identify bird habitat patches using multiple high-quality sources, then utilize circuit theory and complex network theory to construct and assess the resilience of BHN. Our key findings showed: (1)93 bird habitat sources were identified, predominantly situated in the continuous green spaces of southern and southeastern Shanghai, whereas habitat sources in the city center and other densely built-up areas are more dispersed, highlighting them as prime targets for future ecological restoration efforts. (2) The distribution of bird habitat corridors exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity, with primary corridors predominantly spanning the southwestern and eastern parts of the study area, while secondary corridors are more abundant in the western and northern parts, forming a denser network, whereas the central area shows fewer and more isolated corridors. (3) The decline in structural and functional resilience was notably more rapid under targeted attacks than under random attacks, underscoring the need to prioritize crucial bird habitat sources on the city's periphery, especially near highly urbanized areas, in urban planning and biodiversity conservation efforts to sustain ecological balance and biodiversity. These insights provide a crucial scientific basis for urban planners, emphasizing the integration of biodiversity conservation into urban development strategies by optimizing ecological sources and corridors to balance development with ecological preservation.
构建鸟类生境网络（BHN）对于维护城市生态系统的健康和服务平衡至关重要，特别是在城市化压力强烈的大城市地区。然而，大多数现有的 BHN 未能考虑到当地物种的动态变化和独特需求，导致同质化的建设结果和生态走廊目标。本研究采用综合方法，利用多个高质量的来源来识别鸟类生境斑块，然后利用电路理论和复杂网络理论来构建和评估 BHN 的恢复力。我们的主要发现表明：（1）确定了 93 个鸟类生境来源，主要位于上海南部和东南部的连续绿地，而市中心和其他高密度建成区的生境来源则更加分散，这些地区是未来生态恢复的重点目标。（2）鸟类生境走廊的分布表现出显著的空间异质性，主要走廊主要分布在研究区域的西南部和东部，而次要走廊则在西部和北部更为丰富，形成了更密集的网络，而中心区域的走廊较少且更为孤立。（3）在有针对性的攻击下，结构和功能恢复力的下降明显比在随机攻击下更快，这强调了在城市规划和生物多样性保护工作中，需要优先考虑城市边缘的关键鸟类生境来源，特别是在高度城市化地区附近，以维持生态平衡和生物多样性。这些见解为城市规划者提供了重要的科学依据，强调了通过优化生态源和走廊，将生物多样性保护纳入城市发展战略，平衡发展与生态保护。
