Jackson Sarah E, Brown Jamie, Shahab Lion, Arnott Deborah, Bauld Linda, Cox Sharon
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
SPECTRUM Consortium, United Kingdom.
Addiction. 2025 Mar;120(3):468-482. doi: 10.1111/add.16576. Epub 2024 Jun 19.
In March 2024, the UK government announced plans to introduce a Vaping Products Duty that will tax e-liquids based on their nicotine strength. This study examined trends in the nicotine strength of e-liquids used by adult vapers and differences in those currently used across relevant subgroups.
Nationally-representative, cross-sectional household survey, July 2016 to January 2024.
Great Britain.
7981 adult vapers.
Participants were asked whether the e-cigarette they mainly use contains nicotine (yes/no) and the e-liquid strength (no nicotine, >0-≤ 6, 7-11, 12-19 or ≥20 mg/ml). We also collected information on the main device type used (disposable/refillable/pod), age, gender, occupational social grade, history of ≥1 mental health conditions, smoking status and (among past-year smokers) level of cigarette addiction.
The proportion of vapers in England using high-strength (≥20 mg/ml) e-liquids increased from an average of 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.9-5.0) up to June 2021 to 32.5% (CI = 27.9-37.4) in January 2024 (the vast majority of whom [93.3% in January 2024] reported using exactly 20 mg/ml; the legal limit). This rise was most pronounced among those using disposable e-cigarettes, those aged 18-24 years and all smoking statuses (including never smokers) except long-term (≥1y) ex-smokers. Of those surveyed in 2022-2024 in Great Britain, overall, 89.5% (CI = 88.1-90.8) said they usually used e-cigarettes containing nicotine, 8.7% (CI = 7.5-10.0) used nicotine-free e-cigarettes, and 1.8% (CI = 1.2-2.4) were unsure. The proportion using ≥20 mg/ml was higher among those mainly using disposable (47.9%) compared with pod (16.3%) or refillable (11.5%) devices; never smokers (36.0%), current smokers (28.8%) or recent (<1y) ex-smokers (27.4%), compared with long-term ex-smokers (13.9%); and younger (16-24y; 44.2%) compared with older (≥25y; range 9.4-25.1%) age groups. There were no notable differences across other subgroups of interest.
Use of high-strength nicotine e-liquids in England appears to have increased sharply in recent years. Most adult vapers in Great Britain appear to use e-cigarettes that contain nicotine but different subgroups use different strengths: nicotine strengths tend to be higher among those who mainly use disposable devices and those aged 16-24y, and lower among long-term ex-smokers.
2024年3月，英国政府宣布计划引入电子烟产品税，该税将根据电子烟液中的尼古丁含量对其征税。本研究调查了成年电子烟使用者所使用的电子烟液中尼古丁含量的变化趋势，以及不同相关亚组目前使用的电子烟液在尼古丁含量上的差异。
2016年7月至2024年1月具有全国代表性的横断面家庭调查。
英国。
7981名成年电子烟使用者。
询问参与者他们主要使用的电子烟是否含有尼古丁（是/否）以及电子烟液的尼古丁含量（无尼古丁、>0至≤6、7至11、12至19或≥20毫克/毫升）。我们还收集了关于主要使用的设备类型（一次性/可再填充/烟弹式）、年龄、性别、职业社会等级、是否有≥1种心理健康状况史、吸烟状况以及（在过去一年吸烟者中）香烟成瘾程度的信息。
在英格兰，使用高强度（≥20毫克/毫升）电子烟液的电子烟使用者比例从2021年6月之前的平均3.8%（95%置信区间[CI]=2.9 - 5.0）上升到2024年1月的32.5%（CI = 27.9 - 37.4）（其中绝大多数人[2024年1月为93.3%]报告使用的尼古丁含量恰好为20毫克/毫升，即法定上限）。这种上升在使用一次性电子烟的人群、18至24岁的人群以及除长期（≥1年）戒烟者外的所有吸烟状况人群（包括从不吸烟者）中最为明显。在2022 - 2024年英国接受调查的人群中，总体而言，89.5%（CI = 88.1 - 90.8）表示他们通常使用含尼古丁的电子烟，8.7%（CI = 7.5 - 10.0）使用无尼古丁电子烟，1.8%（CI = 1.2 - 2.4）不确定。与使用烟弹式（16.3%）或可再填充式（11.5%）设备的人群相比，主要使用一次性设备的人群中使用≥20毫克/毫升电子烟液的比例更高（47.9%）；与长期戒烟者（13.9%）相比，从不吸烟者（36.0%）、当前吸烟者（28.8%）或近期（<1年）戒烟者（27.4%）中使用该强度电子烟液的比例更高；与年龄较大（≥25岁；范围为9.4 - 25.1%）的年龄组相比，年龄较小（16 - 24岁；44.2%）的年龄组中使用该强度电子烟液的比例更高。在其他感兴趣的亚组中没有显著差异。
近年来，英格兰高强度尼古丁电子烟液的使用似乎急剧增加。英国大多数成年电子烟使用者似乎使用含尼古丁的电子烟，但不同亚组使用不同强度的电子烟液：主要使用一次性设备的人群和16至24岁人群中尼古丁含量往往较高，而长期戒烟者中尼古丁含量较低。
