Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health (OxBCNH), Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
Neuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Aug;62:108-114. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.022. Epub 2024 May 22.
Diet and inflammation may contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association between proinflammatory diet, as estimated by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), and the likelihood of developing MS or other demyelinating autoimmune diseases. A systematic search was performed of search engines and databases (PubMed, ISI Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Embase) to identify relevant studies before 10th June 2023. The search identified 182 potential studies, from which 39 full-text articles were screened for relevance. Five articles with case-control design (n = 4,322, intervention group: 1714; control group: 2608) met the study inclusion criteria. The exposure variable was DII, with studies using two distinct models: quartile-based comparisons of DII and assessment of continuous DII. The meta-analysis of high versus low quartiles of DII with four effect sizes showed a significant association with MS/demyelinating autoimmune disease likelihood, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.26 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16, 9.10). The meta-analysis of four studies with DII fit as a continuous variable showed a 31% increased likelihood of MS per unit increment; which was not statistically significant at the nominal alpha equals 0.05 (OR 1.31; 95% CI 0.95, 1.81). In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence of a positive association between higher DII scores with the likelihood of developing MS, highlighting that diet-induced inflammation could play a role in MS or other demyelinating autoimmune diseases risk.
饮食和炎症可能导致多发性硬化症（MS）的发生。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是评估促炎饮食（通过饮食炎症指数（DII®）来估计）与发生 MS 或其他脱髓鞘自身免疫性疾病的可能性之间的关联。通过系统搜索搜索引擎和数据库（PubMed、ISI Web of Sciences、Scopus 和 Embase），在 2023 年 6 月 10 日前确定了相关研究。搜索共确定了 182 项潜在研究，对其中 39 篇全文文章进行了相关性筛选。有 5 项病例对照设计的文章（n=4322，干预组：1714；对照组：2608）符合研究纳入标准。暴露变量为 DII，研究使用了两种不同的模型：DII 的四分位比较和连续 DII 的评估。对四个具有四个效应大小的 DII 高与低四分位数的荟萃分析显示，与 MS/脱髓鞘自身免疫性疾病的可能性存在显著关联，比值比（OR）为 3.26（95%置信区间（CI）1.16，9.10）。对四个以 DII 拟合为连续变量的研究的荟萃分析显示，DII 每增加一个单位，MS 的可能性增加 31%；在名义 alpha 等于 0.05 时，这并不具有统计学意义（OR 1.31；95%CI 0.95，1.81）。总之，本系统评价和荟萃分析提供了证据，表明 DII 评分较高与发生 MS 的可能性之间存在正相关，这表明饮食引起的炎症可能在 MS 或其他脱髓鞘自身免疫性疾病的风险中发挥作用。
