Departments of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Henry Ford Hospital, 8-D 4201 St. Antoine Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
The Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2024 Dec;131(12):1481-1494. doi: 10.1007/s00702-024-02799-7. Epub 2024 Jun 21.
Anticholinergic (AC) drugs, a medication class that acts by blocking nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, were first utilized for therapeutic purposes in the mid-19th century. Initial applications were as symptomatic therapy for Parkinson disease (PD), a practice continuing to the present. Initially, the AC drugs used were naturally-occurring plant compounds. Synthetic AC drugs were developed in the late 1940s and predominated in neurological therapeutics. Until the advent of pharmaceuticals acting upon striatal dopaminergic motor pathways, AC drugs provided the only effective means for lessening tremors and other clinical problems of the PD patient. However, because dopaminergic compounds are so effective at meeting the needs of the typical PD patient, AC medications are far less utilized by clinicians today. In recent years, there has been only a few investigations of AC drugs as neurological treatments. This review will revisit the clinical landscape of AC pharmacology and application for movement disorders along with recent research in search of improving therapeutics with AC drugs.
抗胆碱能 (AC) 药物是一类通过阻断烟碱型和毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体起作用的药物，于 19 世纪中叶首次被用于治疗目的。最初的应用是作为帕金森病 (PD) 的对症治疗，这种做法一直持续到现在。最初使用的 AC 药物是天然存在的植物化合物。合成的 AC 药物于 20 世纪 40 年代末开发，并在神经治疗学中占主导地位。在作用于纹状体多巴胺能运动通路的药物问世之前，AC 药物是减轻震颤和 PD 患者其他临床问题的唯一有效手段。然而，由于多巴胺能化合物在满足典型 PD 患者的需求方面非常有效，因此临床医生今天很少使用 AC 药物。近年来，只有少数关于 AC 药物作为神经治疗的研究。本综述将重新审视 AC 药理学在运动障碍中的临床应用，并对 AC 药物治疗的最新研究进行回顾，以期改善其治疗效果。
