Li Feng, Su Liqin, Shao Ranqi, Luo Jiao, Chen Yi, Huang Yifeng, Wei Minghai, Zhang Jiliang, Gao Yumei, Ma Kui, Liu Xiyao, Xi Weihao, Gao Sujuan
China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
Qionglai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, 611530, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 Mar;203(3):1413-1421. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04286-2. Epub 2024 Jun 22.
Selenium (Se) is physiologically essential for thyroid function. However, epidemiological studies on the association between Se status and thyroid function are limited and the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we explored this association in an elderly Chinese population sample. Participants in the cross-sectional study were people aged 65 years or older who provided fingernail and whole blood samples. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were defined by serum thyroid hormones concentrations, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT3), and free thyrotropin (FT4). Significant positive association was observed between whole blood and fingernail Se concentrations (r = 0.672, P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest Se quartile (Q1), the other fingernail Se quartile groups had lower TSH, higher FT3 and FT4 levels, and Q2 had higher TT3 levels after adjusting for covariates; the other whole blood Se quartile groups had lower TSH levels, Q2 had higher FT3, FT4 and TT3 levels, Q3 had higher FT3 levels, and Q4 had higher FT4 levels after adjusting for covariates. Compared with Q1, the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of hypothyroidism for Q4 of whole blood Se was 0.141 (0.029,0.675), and the adjusted OR (95%CIs) of hyperthyroidism for Q2 and Q3 of fingernail Se were 4.121 (1.233,13.733) and 3.614 (1.095,11.926). Higher Se levels were significantly associated with lower TSH levels and higher levels of TT3, FT3 and FT4. Meanwhile, higher Se levels were associated with lower risk of hypothyroidism and higher risk of hyperthyroidism.
硒（Se）对甲状腺功能具有生理必要性。然而，关于硒状态与甲状腺功能之间关联的流行病学研究有限，且结果并不一致。因此，我们在一个中国老年人群样本中探究了这种关联。横断面研究的参与者为65岁及以上提供指甲和全血样本的人群。甲状腺功能亢进和减退由血清甲状腺激素浓度定义，包括促甲状腺激素（TSH）、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸（TT3）、总甲状腺素（TT4）、游离甲状腺素（FT3）和游离促甲状腺素（FT4）。全血和指甲硒浓度之间观察到显著正相关（r = 0.672，P < 0.001）。与最低硒四分位数（Q1）相比，在调整协变量后，其他指甲硒四分位数组的TSH较低，FT3和FT4水平较高，且Q2的TT3水平较高；其他全血硒四分位数组的TSH水平较低，Q2的FT3、FT4和TT3水平较高，Q3的FT3水平较高，Q4的FT4水平较高。与Q1相比，全血硒Q4甲状腺功能减退的调整比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）为0.141（0.029，0.675），指甲硒Q2和Q3甲状腺功能亢进的调整OR（95%CI）分别为4.121（1.233，13.733）和3.614（1.095，11.926）。较高的硒水平与较低的TSH水平以及较高的TT3、FT3和FT4水平显著相关。同时，较高的硒水平与较低的甲状腺功能减退风险和较高的甲状腺功能亢进风险相关。
