School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
HIV Res Clin Pract. 2024 Dec;25(1):2363129. doi: 10.1080/25787489.2024.2363129. Epub 2024 Jun 21.
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 profoundly and uniquely impacted people with HIV. People with HIV experienced significant psychosocial and socioeconomic impacts, yet a limited amount of research has explored potential differences across gender and racial/ethnic groups of people with HIV. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine psychosocial and socioeconomic stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of people with HIV in South Florida and to determine if the types of stressors varied across gender and racial/ethnic groups. METHODS: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey with Miami-Dade County, Ryan White Program recipients. Outcomes included mental health, socioeconomic, drug/alcohol, and care responsibility/social support changes. Weighted descriptive analyses provided an overview of stressors by gender and racial/ethnic group and logistic regressions estimated associations between demographics and stressors. RESULTS: Among 291 participants, 39% were Non-Hispanic Black, 18% were Haitian, and 43% were Hispanic. Adjusting for age, sex, language, and foreign-born status, Hispanics were more likely to report several worsened mental health (i.e. increased loneliness, anxiety) and socioeconomic stressors (i.e. decreased income). Spanish speakers were more likely to report not getting the social support they needed. Women were more likely to report spending more time caring for children. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight ways in which cultural and gender expectations impacted experiences across people with HIV and suggest strategies to inform interventions and resources during lingering and future public health emergencies. Results suggest that public health emergencies have different impacts on different communities. Without acknowledging and responding to differences, we risk losing strides towards progress in health equity.
背景:COVID-19 对 HIV 感染者产生了深远而独特的影响。HIV 感染者经历了重大的心理社会和社会经济影响,但关于 HIV 感染者的性别和种族/族裔群体之间潜在差异的研究相对较少。
目的:本研究旨在探讨南佛罗里达州 HIV 感染者多样化样本中与 COVID-19 大流行相关的心理社会和社会经济压力源,并确定压力源是否因性别和种族/族裔群体而异。
方法:我们分析了来自迈阿密戴德县 Ryan White 计划受助人的横断面调查数据。结果包括心理健康、社会经济、药物/酒精和护理责任/社会支持变化。加权描述性分析提供了按性别和种族/族裔群体划分的压力源概述,并使用逻辑回归估计了人口统计学特征与压力源之间的关联。
结果:在 291 名参与者中,39%是非西班牙裔黑人,18%是海地人,43%是西班牙裔。调整年龄、性别、语言和出生地状况后,西班牙裔更有可能报告几种心理健康恶化(即孤独感增加、焦虑增加)和社会经济压力源(即收入减少)。西班牙语使用者更有可能报告没有得到他们所需的社会支持。女性更有可能报告花更多时间照顾孩子。
结论:研究结果强调了文化和性别期望如何影响 HIV 感染者的体验,并提出了在持续和未来的公共卫生紧急情况下为干预措施和资源提供信息的策略。结果表明,公共卫生紧急情况对不同社区的影响不同。如果不承认和应对这些差异,我们就有可能失去在健康公平方面取得进展的机会。
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