Liao Zhenxin, Birgegård Andreas, Monell Elin, Borg Stina, Bulik Cynthia M, Mantilla Emma Forsén
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels väg 12a, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden.
Stockholm County Council, Stockholms Centrum för ätstörningar, Wollmar Yxkullsgatan 27, Stockholm, 118 50, Sweden.
J Eat Disord. 2024 Jun 24;12(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-01048-2.
Many patients with eating disorders report exercise as a central symptom of their illness-as a way to compensate for food intake, prevent weight-gain, and/or reduce negative affect. Previous findings show associations between maladaptive exercise and more severe eating disorder pathology, higher risk for relapse, other co-morbid symptoms, and worse treatment outcome.
In this study, we included 8252 participants with eating disorders and investigated associations between maladaptive exercise (both lifetime and current) and ED pathology, illness duration, depression, anxiety, self-harm and suicidal ideation, and treatment seeking patterns in individuals with lifetime maladaptive exercise. Participants were included via the Swedish site of the large global study The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative (EDGI) and completed measures of both lifetime and current symptomatology.
Results indicate that lifetime maladaptive exercise is associated with higher prevalence of lifetime depression and anxiety and with patients more often receiving treatment, although these results need to be investigated in future studies. Current maladaptive exercise was associated with more severe ED symptoms, and higher levels of depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive traits, and suicidal ideation.
Our findings point to the complexities of exercise as an eating disorder symptom and the need for clearly assessing and acknowledging this, as well as tailoring interventions to treat this symptom to achieve sustainable recovery.
许多饮食失调患者将运动视为其疾病的核心症状——作为一种补偿食物摄入量、防止体重增加和/或减轻负面影响的方式。先前的研究结果表明，适应不良的运动与更严重的饮食失调病理、更高的复发风险、其他共病症状以及更差的治疗结果之间存在关联。
在本研究中，我们纳入了8252名饮食失调患者，并调查了适应不良的运动（终身和当前）与饮食失调病理、病程、抑郁、焦虑、自我伤害和自杀意念之间的关联，以及有终身适应不良运动的个体的治疗寻求模式。参与者通过全球大型研究“饮食失调遗传学倡议”（EDGI）的瑞典站点纳入，并完成了终身和当前症状的测量。
结果表明，终身适应不良的运动与终身抑郁和焦虑的较高患病率以及患者更频繁接受治疗有关，尽管这些结果需要在未来的研究中进一步调查。当前适应不良的运动与更严重的饮食失调症状、更高水平的抑郁、焦虑、强迫特质和自杀意念有关。
我们的研究结果指出了运动作为饮食失调症状的复杂性，以及明确评估和认识这一点的必要性，以及针对该症状量身定制干预措施以实现可持续康复的必要性。
