van der Goot Wieke E, Van Yperen Nico W, Albers Casper J, Jaarsma A Debbie C, Duvivier Robbert J
Martini Academy, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Lifelong Learning, Education and Assessment Research Network (LEARN), Groningen, The Netherlands.
Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2025 Apr;30(2):401-426. doi: 10.1007/s10459-024-10344-0. Epub 2024 Jun 25.
In clinical practice, junior doctors regularly receive supervision from consultants. Drawing on Basic Psychological Needs Theory, consultants' supervision styles are likely to affect junior doctors' intrinsic motivation differently in terms of psychological need frustration and psychological need satisfaction. To examine the effects of (de)motivating supervision styles, we conducted two experimental vignette studies among junior doctors. In Study 1 (N = 150, 73.3% female), we used a 2 (need support: high vs. low) x 2 (directiveness: high vs. low) between-subjects design and, in Study 2, a within-subjects design with the same factors (N = 46, 71.7% female). Both studies revealed a consistent positive effect of need-supportive supervision styles on psychological need satisfaction (+), need frustration (-), and intrinsic motivation (+). Particularly in Study 2, the main effect of need-supportive styles was strengthened by supervisor's directiveness. Moreover, in both studies, the effects of supervision styles on intrinsic motivation were explained through psychological need frustration and psychological need satisfaction. We discuss the implications of these findings for postgraduate clinical training.
在临床实践中，低年资医生经常接受顾问医生的指导。根据基本心理需求理论，顾问医生的指导方式在心理需求受挫和心理需求满足方面可能会对低年资医生的内在动机产生不同影响。为了研究激励性和去激励性指导方式的效果，我们在低年资医生中开展了两项实验性 vignette 研究。在研究 1（N = 150，73.3% 为女性）中，我们采用了 2（需求支持：高 vs. 低）×2（指令性：高 vs. 低）的组间设计，在研究 2 中，采用了具有相同因素的组内设计（N = 46，71.7% 为女性）。两项研究均显示，需求支持性指导方式对心理需求满足（+）、需求受挫（-）和内在动机（+）具有一致的积极影响。特别是在研究 2 中，需求支持性方式的主效应因上级的指令性而得到加强。此外，在两项研究中，指导方式对内在动机的影响都是通过心理需求受挫和心理需求满足来解释的。我们讨论了这些发现对研究生临床培训的意义。
