Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Jun 25;111(2):281-286. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0390. Print 2024 Aug 7.
Burkholderia spp. are opportunistic pathogens that cause infection in patients with disrupted immunity. The study intended to demonstrate the epidemiology and clinical features associated with Burkholderia spp. bacteremia. This retrospective study was performed to assess the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients whose blood cultures were growing Burkholderia spp. and, based on their underlying comorbidities, were subjected to survival analysis from January 2022 to December 2022 at a university hospital in northern India. Three hundred patients with Burkholderia spp. bacteremia were included in this study conducted over 1 year. The mean age of the patients was 33.86 years with a male predominance of 56.67% (170/300, 56.67%). Underlying malignancies (207/300, 69.0%) were the most common clinical diagnosis, and catheter in situ (300/300, 100.0%) was the most common risk factor. Burkholderia cenocepacia (244/300, 81.33%) was the most common Burkholderia spp. isolated. All isolates were highly susceptible to minocycline. Kidney disease (P = 0.029), hypertension (P = 0.005), type 2 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.039), and respiratory disease (P <0.001) in patients were significantly associated with death owing to Burkholderia spp. bacteremia, whereas patients with malignancies (P <0.001) and undergoing treatment were significantly associated with a better outcome when the microorganism was susceptible to empirical antibiotics. The presence of indwelling devices, mechanical ventilation (P <0.001), and a hemodialysis catheter (P = 0.026) were statistically significant risk factors associated with poor outcomes.
伯克霍尔德菌属是机会致病菌，可导致免疫功能受损的患者感染。本研究旨在展示与伯克霍尔德菌属菌血症相关的流行病学和临床特征。本回顾性研究评估了 2022 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月在印度北部一所大学医院进行血培养生长伯克霍尔德菌属的患者的临床和实验室特征，并根据其潜在合并症进行了生存分析。这项为期 1 年的研究共纳入 300 例伯克霍尔德菌属菌血症患者。患者的平均年龄为 33.86 岁，男性占 56.67%（170/300，56.67%）。最常见的临床诊断是潜在恶性肿瘤（207/300，69.0%），最常见的危险因素是导管原位（300/300，100.0%）。分离出的最常见的伯克霍尔德菌属是伯克霍尔德菌属 cenocepacia（244/300，81.33%）。所有分离株均对米诺环素高度敏感。患者的肾脏疾病（P = 0.029）、高血压（P = 0.005）、2 型糖尿病（P = 0.039）和呼吸系统疾病（P <0.001）与伯克霍尔德菌属菌血症死亡显著相关，而患有恶性肿瘤（P <0.001）和接受治疗的患者在微生物对经验性抗生素敏感时，结果显著更好。留置装置、机械通气（P <0.001）和血液透析导管（P = 0.026）的存在是与不良结局相关的统计学显著危险因素。
