Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Otol Neurotol. 2024 Aug 1;45(7):754-758. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004233. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence rate and audiological characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) before the COVID-19 pandemic, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and after inactivated vaccination, and to analyze whether the novel coronavirus or inactivated vaccination have an impact on hearing loss.
The clinical data of all patients who visited the hospital in July 2019 (before pandemic), July 2020 (during pandemic) and July 2021 (after the inactivated vaccination at least the first basic dose of COVID-19 vaccination) were retrospective analyzed. All patients diagnosed with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in these three periods were screened, and their incidence rate, hearing characteristics, and prognosis were compared.
Overall, the incidence rates of sudden hearing loss in July 2019, July 2020, and July 2021 were 0.59, 0.60, and 0.52% (25 of 4225, 20 of 3322, 28 of 5432), respectively, without significant difference ( χ2 = 0.372, p = 0.830). A significant difference was noted in the incidence of hypertension ( p = 0.02), whereas no significant difference was noted in age ( p = 0.591, p = 0.66), sex ( p = 0.19, p = 0.08), main symptoms ( p = 0.18, p = 0.15), side ( p = 0.483, p = 0.89), audiogram shape ( p = 0.56, p = 0.989), average hearing threshold of affected frequency ( p = 0.81, p = 0.89), average hearing threshold of normal ear affected frequency ( p = 0.65, p = 0.68), average hearing threshold of affected frequency after treatment ( p = 0.49, p = 0.38), days between symptoms onset and hospital visit ( p = 0.62, p = 0.85), treatment plan ( p = 0.551, p = 0.474), and effectiveness ( p = 0.104, p = 0.050).
Our study failed to find a correlation between the novel coronavirus pandemic and inactivated vaccination and SSHL, and there was no direct evidence supporting that COVID-19 or inactivated vaccination had an impact on the incidence rate and prognosis of SSHL patients.
本研究旨在探讨新冠疫情前、疫情期间和新冠灭活疫苗接种后突发性聋的发病率和听力学特征，并分析新冠病毒或灭活疫苗是否会对听力损失产生影响。
回顾性分析 2019 年 7 月（疫情前）、2020 年 7 月（疫情期间）和 2021 年 7 月（新冠灭活疫苗至少接种第一针基础剂后）来我院就诊的所有患者的临床资料。筛选出这三个时期诊断为突发性聋的所有患者，比较其发病率、听力特征和预后。
总体而言，2019 年 7 月、2020 年 7 月和 2021 年 7 月突发性聋的发病率分别为 0.59%（25/4225）、0.60%（20/3322）和 0.52%（28/5432），差异无统计学意义（ χ2=0.372，p=0.830）。高血压的发病率差异有统计学意义（ p=0.02），而年龄（ p=0.591，p=0.66）、性别（ p=0.19，p=0.08）、主要症状（ p=0.18，p=0.15）、单侧（ p=0.483，p=0.89）、听力图形状（ p=0.56，p=0.989）、受累频率的平均听阈（ p=0.81，p=0.89）、正常耳受累频率的平均听阈（ p=0.65，p=0.68）、治疗后受累频率的平均听阈（ p=0.49，p=0.38）、症状出现至就诊的天数（ p=0.62，p=0.85）、治疗方案（ p=0.551，p=0.474）和疗效（ p=0.104，p=0.050）差异无统计学意义。
本研究未发现新冠疫情和灭活疫苗接种与突发性聋之间存在相关性，也没有直接证据表明新冠病毒或灭活疫苗会影响突发性聋患者的发病率和预后。
