First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Ziołowa 47, 40-635, Katowice, Poland.
European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, Or Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD Heart), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 25;14(1):14580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65506-2.
Short-term exposure to air pollutants may contribute to an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study assessed the role of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) as well as fine and coarse PM (PM) air pollution in ACS events and the effect of blood groups on this phenomenon. A retrospectively collected database of 9026 patients was evaluated. The study design was a case-crossover using a conditional logistic regression model. The main analysis focused on PM levels with a 1 day lag until the ACS event, using threshold-modelled predictor for all patients. Secondary analyses utilized separate threshold-modelled predictors for 2-7-days moving averages and for patients from specific ABO blood groups. Additional analysis was performed with the non-threshold models and for PM levels. Short-term exposure to increased PM and PM levels at a 1-day lag was associated with elevated risks of ACS (PM: OR = 1.012 per + 10 µg/m, 95% CI 1.003, 1.021; PM: OR = 1.014 per + 10 µg/m, CI 1.002, 1.025) for all patients. Analysis showed that exposure to PM was associated with increased risk of ACS at a 1-day lag for the A, B or AB group (OR = 1.012 per + 10 µg/m, CI 1.001, 1.024), but not O group (OR = 1.011 per + 10 µg/m, CI 0.994, 1.029). Additional analysis showed positive associations between exposure to PM and risk of ACS, with 7-days moving average models stratified by blood group revealing that exposures to PM and PM were associated with elevated risk of ACS for patients with group O. Short-term exposures to PM and PM were associated with elevated risk of ACS. Short-term exposure to PM was positively associated with the risk of ACS for patients with A, B, or AB blood groups for a 1-day lag, while risk in O group was delayed to 7 days.
短期暴露于空气污染物可能会增加急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS) 的风险。本研究评估了短期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM) 以及细颗粒和粗颗粒 PM (PM) 空气污染在 ACS 事件中的作用，以及血型对这一现象的影响。评估了一个 9026 例患者的回顾性数据库。研究设计是病例交叉设计，使用条件逻辑回归模型。主要分析集中在 PM 水平上，滞后 1 天至 ACS 事件，使用所有患者的阈值模型预测因子。二次分析分别使用 2-7 天移动平均值的单独阈值模型预测因子和特定 ABO 血型的患者。对非阈值模型和 PM 水平进行了额外分析。短期暴露于 PM 和 PM 水平升高 1 天与 ACS 风险升高相关（PM：每增加 +10µg/m 的 OR=1.012，95%CI 1.003，1.021；PM：每增加 +10µg/m 的 OR=1.014，95%CI 1.002，1.025）所有患者。分析表明，对于 A、B 或 AB 组，暴露于 PM 与 ACS 风险增加相关（每增加 +10µg/m 的 OR=1.012，95%CI 1.001，1.024），但 O 组则不然（每增加 +10µg/m 的 OR=1.011，95%CI 0.994，1.029）。进一步分析表明，暴露于 PM 与 ACS 风险之间存在正相关关系，按血型分层的 7 天移动平均模型显示，PM 和 PM 的暴露与 O 组患者 ACS 风险升高相关。短期暴露于 PM 和 PM 与 ACS 风险升高相关。短期暴露于 PM 与 A、B 或 AB 血型患者的 ACS 风险呈正相关，滞后 1 天，而 O 组的风险延迟至 7 天。
