Headley Selwyn Arlington, Fritzen Juliana Torres Tomazi, Silva Flavia Helena Pereira, Minarelli Silvio Luis Marsiglio, Biondo Leandro Meneguelli, Kmetiuk Louise Bach, Biondo Alexander Welker, Alfieri Amauri Alcindo
Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil.
Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory (LAMSA), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Pathogens. 2024 Jun 18;13(6):515. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13060515.
Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvGHV2), is a and the cause of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), in which sheep are the asymptomatic reservoir hosts. Susceptible mammalian populations infected by OvGHV2 may develop clinical SA-MCF or subclinical infections. All members of the genus known to be associated with MCF are collectively referred to as the MCF virus (MCFV) complex. This report describes the occurrence of subclinical OvGHV2-related infections in free-ranging wild boars () from southern Brazil. Specific body organs ( = 14) and biological samples (nasal and oral swabs; = 17) were collected from 24 asymptomatic wild boars from a conservation unit located within the Central-eastern mesoregion of Paraná State. Organs were processed to observe histopathological patterns suggestive of diseases of domestic animals; only pulmonary samples were used in an immunohistochemical assay designed to detect MCFV tissue antigens. Furthermore, all samples were submitted to molecular assays designed to detect the OvGHV2 tegument protein gene. Viral-induced pneumonia was diagnosed in two wild boars; one of these contained OvGHV2 DNA, with MCFV antigens identified in the other. Additionally, MCFV tissue antigens were detected within pulmonary epithelial cells of the lungs with and without pulmonary disease. Collectively, OvGHV2 was detected in 37.5% (9/24) of all wild boars, with detection occurring in the organs of 57.1% (8/14) wild boars and the oral cavity of one animal. These results demonstrated that these wild boars were subclinically infected by OvGHV2, and that infection produced typical pulmonary alterations. In addition, the detection of OvGHV2 within the oral cavity of one wild boar may suggest that this animal may be a potential disseminator of this pathogen to susceptible animal populations, including livestock and wildlife, acting as a possible bridge host for OvGHV2. Furthermore, infection by OvGHV2 probably occurred due to incidental contact with asymptomatic sheep maintained within the surrounding rural areas and not within the conservation units.
绵羊γ疱疹病毒2（OvGHV2）是一种病毒，是绵羊相关恶性卡他热（SA-MCF）的病原体，其中绵羊是无症状的储存宿主。被OvGHV2感染的易感哺乳动物群体可能会发展为临床SA-MCF或亚临床感染。所有已知与MCF相关的该属成员统称为MCF病毒（MCFV）复合体。本报告描述了巴西南部自由放养的野猪中与OvGHV2相关的亚临床感染的发生情况。从巴拉那州中东部中区域的一个保护单位的24头无症状野猪身上采集了特定的身体器官（n = 14）和生物样本（鼻拭子和口腔拭子；n = 17）。对器官进行处理以观察提示家畜疾病的组织病理学模式；仅将肺样本用于旨在检测MCFV组织抗原的免疫组织化学分析。此外，所有样本都进行了旨在检测OvGHV2被膜蛋白基因的分子分析。在两头野猪中诊断出病毒诱导的肺炎；其中一头含有OvGHV2 DNA，另一头鉴定出了MCFV抗原。此外，在有和没有肺部疾病的肺的肺上皮细胞内检测到了MCFV组织抗原。总体而言，在所有野猪中有37.5%（9/24）检测到OvGHV2，在57.1%（8/14）的野猪器官和一只动物的口腔中检测到。这些结果表明这些野猪被OvGHV2亚临床感染，并且感染产生了典型的肺部改变。此外，在一头野猪的口腔中检测到OvGHV2可能表明这只动物可能是这种病原体向包括家畜和野生动物在内的易感动物群体的潜在传播者，充当OvGHV2的可能桥梁宿主。此外，OvGHV2感染可能是由于偶然接触周围农村地区而非保护单位内饲养的无症状绵羊所致。
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