Peykarjou Stefanie, Hoehl Stefanie, Pauen Sabina
Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Charlotte Fresenius University Wiesbaden, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2024 May 24;14(6):541. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14060541.
Adults and infants form abstract categories of visual objects, but little is known about the development of global categorization. This study aims to characterize the development of very fast global categorization (living and non-living objects) and to determine whether and how low-level stimulus characteristics contribute to this response. Frequency tagging was used to characterize the development of global-level categorization in = 69 infants (4, 7, 11 months), = 22 children (5-6 years old), and = 20 young adults. Images were presented in an oddball paradigm, with a category change at every fifth position (AAAABAAAABA…). Strong and significant high-level categorization was observed in all age groups, with reduced responses for phase-scrambled control sequences (R = 0.34-0.73). No differences between the categorization of living and non-living targets were observed. These data demonstrate high-level visual categorization as living and non-living from four months to adulthood, providing converging evidence that humans are highly sensitive to broad categorical information from infancy onward.
成人和婴儿会形成视觉对象的抽象类别，但对于整体分类的发展却知之甚少。本研究旨在描述非常快速的整体分类（有生命和无生命物体）的发展情况，并确定低级刺激特征是否以及如何促成这种反应。使用频率标记来描述69名婴儿（4个月、7个月、11个月）、22名儿童（5 - 6岁）和20名年轻成年人的整体水平分类发展情况。图像以奇偶数范式呈现，每隔五个位置类别就会改变（AAAABAAAABA…）。在所有年龄组中均观察到强烈且显著的高级分类，相位打乱的控制序列的反应有所减少（R = 0.34 - 0.73）。在有生命和无生命目标的分类之间未观察到差异。这些数据表明，从四个月到成年期，对有生命和无生命的高级视觉分类都是存在的，提供了越来越多的证据表明人类从婴儿期起就对广泛的类别信息高度敏感。
