Cujbă Larisa, Banc Ana, Stan Cristina, Drugan Tudor, Nicula Cristina
Medical Doctoral School, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
Department of Ophthalmology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Jun 9;14(12):1221. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14121221.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique based on the principle of low-coherence interferometry that captures detailed images of ocular structures. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that can lead to damage of the optic nerve and retina, which can be depicted by OCT. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether macular OCT can be used as a biomarker in the detection of retrochiasmal lesions of the visual pathway in MS patients. We conducted a prospective study in which we included 52 MS patients and 27 healthy controls. All participants underwent brain MRI, visual field testing, and OCT evaluation of the thicknesses of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell layer (GCL), and macular inner plexiform layer (IPL). OCT measurements were adjusted for optic neuritis (ON). VF demonstrated poor capability to depict a retrochiasmal lesion identified by brain MRI (PPV 0.50). In conclusion, the OCT analysis of the macula appears to excel in identifying retrochiasmal MS lesions compared to VF changes. The alterations in the GCL and IPL demonstrate the most accurate detection of retrochiasmal visual pathway changes in MS patients.
光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一种基于低相干干涉测量原理的非侵入性成像技术，可获取眼部结构的详细图像。多发性硬化症（MS）是一种神经退行性疾病，可导致视神经和视网膜受损，而OCT能够描绘出这些损伤情况。这项初步研究的目的是确定黄斑OCT是否可作为检测MS患者视交叉后视觉通路病变的生物标志物。我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，纳入了52例MS患者和27名健康对照。所有参与者均接受了脑部MRI、视野测试以及视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层（pRNFL）、黄斑神经节细胞层（GCL）和黄斑内丛状层（IPL）厚度的OCT评估。针对视神经炎（ON）对OCT测量结果进行了校正。视野检查显示，其描绘脑部MRI所识别的视交叉后病变的能力较差（阳性预测值为0.50）。总之，与视野变化相比，黄斑的OCT分析在识别视交叉后MS病变方面似乎更具优势。GCL和IPL的改变在检测MS患者视交叉后视觉通路变化方面最为准确。
