Alizadeh Mohammad, Hosseiniazar Mohammadreza Mohammad, Alami Farkhondeh, Bararnia Adabi Somayyeh
Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2024 Jan 5;23(1):987-997. doi: 10.1007/s40200-023-01375-2. eCollection 2024 Jun.
This study was designed to compare the effects of four meal patterns on liver steatosis, fibrosis, and biochemical factors in patients with Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
The 12-week intervention was performed on 123 patients with NAFLD who were randomly allocated into four groups: "3-meals", "skipping breakfast", "skipping dinner", and " 3 meals and 3 snacks per day." group. The assessment of liver steatosis, fibrosis, biochemical factors, and anthropometrical evaluation were performed at baseline and at end of the study.
A significant improvement was found in the liver steatosis and fibrosis among the patients who consumed 3 meals, 3 snacks compared to the other groups ( < 0.001). In addition, a higher reduction was observed in serum levels of alanine amino transferase (ALT) (20.93 ± 23.37 mg/dl, < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (17.15 ± 16.48 mg/dl, < 0.001), gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT) (13.43 ± 13.41 mg/dl; < 0.001), and alkaline phosphatase (ALK) (47.19 ± 60.51 mg/dl; = 0.004) in patients who consumed 3 meals, 3 snacks, while the concentration of liver enzymes in patients who consumed 3 meals increased significantly. At the end of the study, there was a significant increase in the fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentration in the "skipping breakfast" group (17.51 ± 38.85 mg/dl; = 0.011) and "3-meals" group (17.51 ± 38.85 mg/dl, = 0.03).
Consuming 3 meals, 3 snack per day significantly improves disease severity and biochemical factors in NAFLD patients. Further studies are warranted.
: IRCT20201010048982N2. Name of the registry: Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Date of registration: 2021-08-22, 1400/05/31. URL of trial registry record: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20201010048982N2.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01375-2.
本研究旨在比较四种饮食模式对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者肝脏脂肪变性、纤维化和生化指标的影响。
对123例NAFLD患者进行了为期12周的干预，这些患者被随机分为四组：“三餐”组、“不吃早餐”组、“不吃晚餐”组和“每日三餐及三次加餐”组。在基线和研究结束时对肝脏脂肪变性、纤维化、生化指标进行评估，并进行人体测量学评价。
与其他组相比，每日三餐及三次加餐的患者肝脏脂肪变性和纤维化有显著改善（<0.001）。此外，每日三餐及三次加餐的患者血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）水平（20.93±23.37mg/dl，<0.001）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平（17.15±16.48mg/dl，<0.001）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）水平（13.43±13.41mg/dl；<0.001）和碱性磷酸酶（ALK）水平（47.19±60.51mg/dl；=0.004）有更大程度的降低，而三餐组患者的肝酶浓度显著升高。在研究结束时，“不吃早餐”组（17.51±38.85mg/dl；=0.011）和“三餐”组（17.51±38.85mg/dl，=0.03）的空腹血糖（FBS）浓度显著升高。
每日三餐及三次加餐可显著改善NAFLD患者的疾病严重程度和生化指标。有必要进行进一步研究。
IRCT20201010048982N2。注册机构名称：乌尔米亚医科大学。注册日期：2021年8月22日，1400/05/31。试验注册记录的网址：https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20201010048982N2。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s40200-023-01375-2获取的补充材料。
