Sackey Lyndon N A, Twum Nicholas, Antwi Anthony Boakye, Fei-Baffoe Bernard
Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 5;10(11):e32387. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32387. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.
Fish is an excellent source of low-fat protein. Fish contains a lot of omega-3 fatty acids, as well as vitamins D and B (riboflavin). The daily consumption of contaminated food, especially fish, is among the primary cause of heavy metals pollution to human health. The aim of the research was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in selected species of fish from the Gulf of Guinea at James Town in Ghana. In tandem with the study's objective, samples of different forms of fish, Cassava fish, Flatfish, Redfish, Kingfish, and Silverfish, and sediment were obtained and analyzed for the presence of heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrometer (PerkinElmer®, PinAAcle 900T). The analysis indicated a high concentration of Pb, Cd, and Cr concentrations in fish gills, muscles, and sediment. High lead concentration in Silverfish gills (5.9 mg/kg) and Flatfish gills (2.29 mg/kg) above WHO levels. Cadmium was found in all fish species and sediment except Kingfish. Chromium concentrations were high n Cassava fish (3.10 mg/kg) and Silverfish (4.01 mg/kg) and copper concentrations were absent in the fish species. Arsenic and mercury were also not detected in all fish species and sediment. Manganese concentrations were found in fish and sediment. High cadmium target hazard quotient (0.17-11.60 for adults and 0.24 to 16.24 for children) and cancer risk (0.00-0.04) values in fish samples indicated potential health concerns. The Hazard Index (HI) for the analyzed samples ranged from 0.00 to 12.48 for adults and 0.00 to 17.47 for children. The study suggests that eliminating pollution and other sources of waterbody pollution is crucial to protecting the marine environment and the health of seafood consumers.
鱼类是低脂蛋白质的优质来源。鱼类含有大量的ω-3脂肪酸以及维生素D和B（核黄素）。日常食用受污染的食物，尤其是鱼类，是重金属对人类健康造成污染的主要原因之一。该研究的目的是测定加纳詹姆斯敦几内亚湾选定鱼类品种中的重金属浓度。为配合该研究目标，获取了不同种类的鱼类样本，如木薯鱼、比目鱼、红鱼、鲭鱼和银鱼，以及沉积物样本，并使用原子吸收光谱仪（珀金埃尔默公司，PinAAcle 900T）分析其中重金属的存在情况。分析表明，鱼鳃、肌肉和沉积物中铅、镉和铬的浓度较高。银鱼鳃（5.9毫克/千克）和平鱼鳃（2.29毫克/千克）中的铅浓度高于世界卫生组织的标准。除了鲭鱼外，所有鱼类品种和沉积物中都发现了镉。木薯鱼（3.10毫克/千克）和银鱼（4.01毫克/千克）中的铬浓度较高，而所有鱼类品种中均未检测到铜浓度。所有鱼类品种和沉积物中也未检测到砷和汞。在鱼类和沉积物中发现了锰浓度。鱼类样本中高镉目标危害商（成人0.17 - 11.60，儿童0.24至16.24）和癌症风险（0.00 - 0.04）值表明存在潜在的健康问题。分析样本的危害指数（HI），成人范围为0.00至12.48，儿童范围为0.00至17.47。该研究表明，消除污染和其他水体污染源对于保护海洋环境和海鲜消费者的健康至关重要。
