Utility of AL score in acute ischemic stroke patient triage: the "H.uni" experience.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Two or more National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) points on each motor items (AL score) have shown good accuracy in predicting large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the prehospital setting of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) care. We aimed to study this score for LVO prediction in our stroke network and predictors of poor outcome (PO) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

METHODS

From our Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke (SITS) registry including patients receiving reperfusion therapy for AIS, we retrospectively computed the AL score from the admission NIHSS to test the diagnostic accuracy for LVO prediction. Multivariable analysis for independent predictors of LVO on the entire cohort and PO from patients with LVO were performed.

RESULTS

From the 853 patients with AIS (67% LVO), AL was positive in 52%. AL score (Odds ratio [OR] 4.6;95%CI 3.36-6.34), smoking (OR 2.1;95%CI 1.14-3.85), atrial fibrillation (OR 1.6;95%CI1.1-2.4) and younger age (OR 0.98;95%CI0.97-0.99) were independent predictors of LVO. AL score showed 82%/49% positive/negative predictive values with 66% accuracy (64%/72% sensitivity/specificity) for LVO prediction. Age (OR 1.05;95%CI 1.03-1.07), atrial fibrillation (OR 4.85;95%CI 1.5-15.7), diabetes (OR 2.62;95% CI 1.14-6.05), dyslipidemia (OR 2;95% CI 1.04-3.87), AL score (OR 2.68;95% CI 1.45-4.98), longer onset-to-groin time (OR 1.003;95% CI 1.001-1.01), MT procedure (OR 1.01;95%CI 1.003-1.02) general anaesthesia (OR 2.06;95% CI 1.1-3.83) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR 12.10;95%CI 3.15-46.44) were independent predictors of PO.

CONCLUSIONS

AL score independently predicted LVO and PO after MT. Patient characteristics and procedural factors determined PO of LVO patients after MT.