Department of Radiology, BC Children's Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada.
Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Pediatr Radiol. 2024 Sep;54(10):1603-1617. doi: 10.1007/s00247-024-05967-9. Epub 2024 Jun 28.
Palpable calvarial lesions in children may require multi-modality imaging for adequate characterization due to non-specific clinical features. Causative lesions range from benign incidental lesions to highly aggressive pathologies. While tissue sampling may be required for some lesions, others have a typical imaging appearance, and an informed imaging approach facilitates diagnosis. This review illustrates imaging findings of common and clinically important focal pediatric calvarial bulges to aid the radiologist in narrowing the differential diagnosis and directing appropriate referral. We focus on birth-related lesions, congenital abnormalities, and modeling disturbances (i.e., those that produce a change in calvarial contour early in development), normal variants, and neoplastic lesions with their mimics.
儿童可触及的颅骨病变由于非特异性临床特征，可能需要多模态成像进行充分特征描述。致病病变范围从良性偶发病变到高度侵袭性病变。虽然一些病变可能需要组织取样，但其他病变具有典型的影像学表现，并且有针对性的影像学方法有助于诊断。本综述说明了常见且具有重要临床意义的儿童局限性颅骨膨出的影像学表现，以帮助放射科医生缩小鉴别诊断范围并进行适当转诊。我们重点介绍了与出生相关的病变、先天性异常和塑造障碍（即在发育早期引起颅骨轮廓变化的病变）、正常变异以及具有类似表现的肿瘤性病变。
