Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Nov;67(5):641-649. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.06.024. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
The number of U.S. adults who own and carry a firearm for self-defense is rising. Research has established that owning or carrying a firearm increases the risk of injury and death for firearm owners and the people in their lives. This study sought to better understand this paradox by estimating associations of perceived specific and diffuse threats with firearm behaviors among U.S. adults.
The authors used data from the 2023 National Firearm Attitudes and Behaviors Study, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults. Binary and ordinal logistic regression estimated associations of perceived specific (fear of attack in the community, fear of someone breaking into the home) and diffuse threats (belief in a dangerous world) with firearm ownership and carriage frequency, overall and stratified by gender. Adjusted models controlled for violence exposures and demographic characteristics. The authors conducted analyses in 2024.
Among all U.S. adults, the perceived specific threat of someone breaking into the home was associated with firearm ownership (AOR: 1.09 [0.98, 1.23]). Among firearm-owning adults, the diffuse threat of belief in a dangerous world was associated with firearm carriage frequency (1.11 [0.98, 1.25]). Both the associations persisted among men (AORs = 1.27 [1.05-1.52] and 1.15 [1.01-1.31], respectively), but analyses found no associations between perceived threats and firearm behaviors among women.
Perceived threats are associated with firearm behaviors among U.S. men, even after accounting for the actual violence they report experiencing or witnessing.
越来越多的美国成年人拥有和携带枪支进行自卫。研究表明，拥有或携带枪支会增加枪支所有者及其生活中的人受伤和死亡的风险。本研究试图通过估计感知到的具体和弥散威胁与美国成年人的枪支行为之间的关联来更好地理解这一悖论。
作者使用了来自 2023 年全国枪支态度和行为研究的数据，这是一项对美国成年人进行的全国代表性横断面调查。二项和有序逻辑回归估计了感知到的具体威胁（在社区中受到攻击的恐惧、担心有人闯入家中）和弥散威胁（对危险世界的信念）与枪支拥有和携带频率的关联，总体上以及按性别分层进行了分析。调整后的模型控制了暴力暴露和人口统计学特征。作者于 2024 年进行了分析。
在所有美国成年人中，有人闯入家中的感知具体威胁与枪支拥有有关（AOR：1.09 [0.98, 1.23]）。在拥有枪支的成年人中，对危险世界的弥散威胁与枪支携带频率有关（1.11 [0.98, 1.25]）。这两个关联在男性中仍然存在（AORs = 1.27 [1.05-1.52] 和 1.15 [1.01-1.31]），但分析发现女性中感知威胁与枪支行为之间没有关联。
即使考虑到他们报告或目睹的实际暴力，感知到的威胁与美国男性的枪支行为有关。
